Historical Events from This Year 1688 (View all 9)
Phetracha Nominated Regent by King Narai
King Narai of Ayutthaya nominated Phetracha as regent, initiating a chain of events that culminated in the revolution of 1688. This action sparked growing dissent among the nobles and military leaders, who were concerned about the centralization of power and foreign influence in the kingdom. Opposition grew, leading to a significant uprising against King Narai's rule. Ultimately, Phetracha seized control, becoming the king, which marked a pivotal moment in the history of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
Continue ReadingInvitation to William of Orange Issued
Seven English nobles, known as the Immortal Seven, sent a letter inviting William of Orange to invade England. They expressed dissatisfaction with King James II's policies, particularly regarding religion and governance. The invitation was a pivotal moment leading to the Glorious Revolution, which aimed to replace James II with William, emphasizing the need for a constitutional monarchy. This document outlined the nobles' commitment to support William's claim to the throne.
Continue ReadingAmsterdam Supports William of Orange's Invasion
The city council of Amsterdam voted to support William of Orange's planned invasion of England. This decision was pivotal as it set the stage for the overthrow of King James II, driven by political and religious conflicts in England. The council's backing also reflected the growing discontent with James II's rule among various factions in England, including Protestants and Parliamentarians. The support from Amsterdam signified strategic international alliances that would influence the dynamics of power in England.
Continue ReadingWilliam III of Orange Launches Invasion of England
William III of Orange departed from Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands, aiming to overthrow King James II and seize the crowns of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Driven by political and religious motivations, William sought to consolidate power and limit Catholic influence in England. His fleet comprised around 14,000 troops and significant artillery. This bold move would set the stage for significant shifts in the English monarchy and governance.
Continue ReadingWilliam III's Invasion to Dethrone James II
Prince William III of Orange landed at Brixham with a Dutch fleet in a bold move against King James II of England. Fueled by fears of Catholicism and absolute monarchy, William sought to restore Protestantism and constitutional governance in England. His landing on the shores of Devon marked the beginning of a swift campaign that would ultimately lead to the Glorious Revolution and significant political changes in England. The event showcased the growing discontent with James II and catalyzed the shift in power.
Continue ReadingWilliam of Orange Captures Exeter During Revolution
William of Orange, leading a force against King James II, captured the city of Exeter. This was a pivotal moment during the Glorious Revolution when Protestant opposition sought to dethrone the Catholic king. The capture underscored the diminishing loyalty to James II in England and facilitated William’s march toward London. The event was marked by little resistance, highlighting the growing support for William's campaign among the populace and contributing to a swift series of events that ultimately led to significant political changes in England.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1688 (View all 17)
Lionel Sackville
Born in 1688, served as a prominent English politician and held the title of 1st Duke of Dorset. Held the position of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, contributing to the governance of Ireland during a significant period. Played a critical role in the politics of his time, influencing relationships between England and Ireland.
Continue ReadingEmanuel Swedenborg
Engaged in extensive theological studies and published numerous works on spiritual and philosophical topics. Developed a unique system of ideas about the soul, the afterlife, and the nature of God, influencing various spiritual movements. Proposed theories integrating science and religion, particularly in the realms of metaphysics and the nature of existence. The writings include 'Heaven and Hell', which elaborates on the afterlife and spiritual dimensions, contributing to the development of modern spiritual thought.
Continue ReadingPierre de Marivaux
An author and playwright, this individual contributed significantly to French literature during the 18th century. Developed a unique style characterized by intricate dialogue and exploration of romantic and social themes. Wrote several notable plays, including 'Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard' and 'Les Fausses Confidences', which gained acclaim for their wit and complexity. Also engaged in novel writing, producing works such as 'La Vie de Marianne'.
Continue ReadingJoseph-Nicolas Delisle
Contributed significantly to astronomy and cartography in the 18th century. Worked in the field of astronomy and developed various maps and celestial charts. Held the position of astronomer in the Russian Academy of Sciences and made important contributions to the understanding of the solar system.
Continue ReadingJohann Friedrich Fasch
Born in 1688, a significant figure in the Baroque music era, recognized for contributions to both instrumental and vocal music. Composed numerous orchestral works, cantatas, and chamber music. Served as a Kapellmeister in several courts, particularly in Zerbst, where he worked to develop and promote music. His compositions often reflected the stylistic transitions of the period, blending German and Italian styles. Throughout his career, contributions to the development of the concerto grosso form were notable.
Continue ReadingAlexander Pope
A prominent English poet and essayist, recognized for the use of heroic couplets in his writings. Key works include the satirical poem 'The Rape of the Lock' and the philosophical poem 'An Essay on Man'. Engaged with themes of human nature, morality, and the role of poetry in society. Pope's translation of Homer's 'Iliad' and 'Odyssey' elevated him in literary circles, establishing him as a leading literary figure of the early 18th century.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1688 (View all 19)
Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang of China
Born into the Kodo clan, gained significant influence within the Qing Dynasty as a mother of the Shunzhi Emperor and a regent for her grandson, the Kangxi Emperor. Ruled from the late 17th century and played a key role in imperial politics during a time of consolidation and expansion of the dynasty. Established a strong position for the Manchu aristocracy and influenced governmental reforms. Advocated for policies that promoted agricultural development and supported cultural projects. Passed away in 1688.
Continue ReadingFerdinand Verbiest
Ferdinand Verbiest served as a Flemish Jesuit missionary in China during the 17th century. Arriving in China in 1659, focused on introducing Western science and technology, particularly astronomy and mathematics. Verbiest played a significant role in the establishment of the Imperial Astronomy Bureau and became the first European to create a full set of astronomical instruments designed for Chinese use. Additionally, he contributed to various translations of Western scientific texts into Chinese, bridging the gap between Western and Chinese knowledge systems. His work significantly influenced Chinese astronomy and mathematics, enabling the integration of Western concepts into these fields.
Continue ReadingAbraham Duquesne
Served as an admiral in the French Navy during the 17th century and participated in several naval engagements. Played a pivotal role during the Franco-Dutch War, notably leading French forces to victory at the Battle of Cape Béveziers. Commanded the French fleet in the Mediterranean and earned a reputation for his naval strategies and effective leadership. Held the title of Marquis and was influential in maritime affairs, contributing to the expansion of French naval power.
Continue ReadingMaria of Orange-Nassau
Born into the House of Orange-Nassau, this individual was a prominent figure in the 17th century. She married William II, Prince of Orange, and became the mother of William III of England. Her marriage fortified alliances within European nobility. Her influence extended through her children, particularly William III, who played a significant role in the Glorious Revolution in England. The life and legacy of this princess were intertwined with the political landscape of Europe during her time.
Continue ReadingAntoine Furetière
Born in 1619, this author and scholar made significant contributions to French literature and linguistics. Most recognized for compiling the first comprehensive French dictionary, which served as a foundation for future lexicography in the language. Furetière's work laid the groundwork for scholarly research and documentation in French, demonstrating the evolving nature of the language and its usage.
Continue ReadingRalph Cudworth
An English philosopher and academic, contributed extensively to philosophy and theology during the 17th century. Served as a prominent figure in the Cambridge Platonist movement. Wrote significant works that explored metaphysics, ethics, and religious thought. His most notable publication, 'The True Intellectual System of the Universe,' criticized materialism and atheism, advocating for a rational understanding of the divine and the nature of reality. In his academic role at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, he influenced many students and scholars through his lectures and writings.
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