Historical Events from This Year 1690
Massachusetts Issues the First Paper Currency
In February 1690, the colony of Massachusetts issued paper money for the first time in the Americas to fund military efforts during King William's War. The move marked a significant shift in the economic practices of the colonies, responding to a desperate need for currency in the face of war expenses. The money was initially used to pay soldiers and contractors, aiming to support the military campaign against French forces in Canada. This introduction of paper currency was a practical solution that would lead to broader acceptance and utility of paper money in the colonial economy.
Continue ReadingSecret Treaty Between Constantin Cantemir and Habsburgs
Constantin Cantemir, the Prince of Moldavia, sought support against the growing influence of the Ottoman Empire and negotiated a secret treaty in Sibiu with representatives of the Holy Roman Empire. This agreement outlined Moldavia's backing for the House of Habsburg's military endeavors against the Ottomans, signifying a pivotal alliance in Eastern European politics. The discussions were influenced by the socio-political climate of the time, where various regional powers vied for dominance. The Habsburgs, looking to expand their influence, saw Moldavia as a strategic ally.
Continue ReadingWilliam of Orange Lands in Ireland
William of Orange, also known as King William III of England, landed with a significant military force in Ireland to confront his rival, the deposed King James II. This incursion aimed to reclaim the English throne from James II, who had sought refuge in Ireland, rallying Catholic support. The landing took place at Carrickfergus, marking the beginning of a critical phase in the Williamite War in Ireland, which sought to establish Protestant ascendancy in the region.
Continue ReadingMarshal de Luxembourg's Victory at Fleurus
On July 1, 1690, Marshal François de Luxembourg led a French army to victory against an allied Anglo-Dutch force at the Battle of Fleurus. This decisive confrontation took place near the town of Fleurus, located in modern-day Belgium. The victory not only showcased Luxembourg's strategic brilliance but also reinforced French dominance in the region during the War of the Grand Alliance, impacting subsequent military engagements in the conflict.
Continue ReadingDecisive Clash at the Battle of the Boyne
The Battle of the Boyne was fought between the armies of King William III of England and King James II of England in Ireland. This pivotal clash occurred near the River Boyne and marked a significant turn in the Williamite War in Ireland. On one side, William led a Protestant army, while James commanded a largely Catholic force. The battle was essential for asserting Protestant control in Ireland, with William emerging victorious after a hard-fought engagement.
Continue ReadingJob Charnock Establishes Factory in Calcutta
Job Charnock, an agent of the East India Company, established a factory on the site that would become Calcutta, initially marking the beginning of this important city. The establishment aimed to facilitate trade in the lucrative markets of Bengal, which were rich in resources like silk and spices. The factory served both as a trading post and a residence for Company officials, signifying the increasing influence of British interests in the region. Charnock's actions paved the way for the transformation of the area into a major urban center.
Continue ReadingFirst Newspaper Published in the Americas
Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick was the first newspaper in the Americas, published by Boston's Benjamin Harris. The solitary issue was released in Boston, Massachusetts, and presented a wide range of news stories from around the world and local affairs. The publication's critical tone toward the government may have contributed to its ban after just one issue. It aimed to inform the public about various political and social affairs, demonstrating the early interest in journalism in the New World.
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