Born in 1698
Pietro Metastasio
Born in 1698, a prominent figure in the world of opera, especially during the 18th century. Worked primarily as a librettist, crafting texts for numerous operas that contributed to the development of the genre. Held the position of court poet in Vienna for much of his career, influencing the musical landscape of the period. His works, characterized by lyrical beauty and dramatic depth, became essential reading for composers of his time and later.
Continue ReadingPierre Bouguer
A mathematician and geophysicist contributed to the development of hydrostatics and geodesy. His work included methods for measuring the shape and density of the Earth, as well as advancements in the understanding of light. Bouguer published 'Essai d'Optique' in 1729, laying foundational concepts in optical science. He also worked on the principles of buoyancy and is regarded as a pioneer in the study of gravity.
Continue ReadingProkop Diviš
Born in 1698, a Czech priest and scientist made significant contributions to the study of electricity. He developed one of the earliest lightning rods, a device designed to protect buildings from lightning strikes. His work in physics and experiments with electricity laid foundational principles for future electrical studies. In addition to his inventions, he held various clerical positions throughout his life, intertwining his scientific endeavors with his religious duties. He also engaged in public demonstrations of electricity, which gained attention during that era, furthering interest in electrical phenomena.
Continue ReadingHenry Baker
Significant contributions to natural history occurred through extensive studies of insects and their habitats. Published works included 'The Microscope Made Easy' which popularized the use of microscopes for scientific exploration. Engaged in the study of natural curiosities, Baker cataloged various species, significantly advancing the understanding of entomology in the 18th century. He played a crucial role in the development of early microscopy and naturalist practices, influencing subsequent generations of scientists and naturalists.
Continue ReadingPierre Louis Maupertuis
A mathematician and philosopher, contributions included work in mathematics, physics, and biology. Maupertuis played a key role in the development of the principle of least action, which became significant in physics. His expeditions in the 18th century sought to determine the shape of the Earth by measuring meridian arcs in Lapland and Peru. He engaged with the philosophical discussions of his time, notably in relation to determinism and the laws of nature. His writings included reflections on the nature of society and aesthetics.
Continue ReadingFrançois Francoeur
Born in France in 1698, a prominent violinist and composer contributed significantly to Baroque music. Served as a violinist at the Académie Royale de Musique and participated in the establishment of the French violin school. Composed numerous works including concertos and symphonies. Engaged in violin teaching and influenced the next generation of musicians.
Continue ReadingPierre de Rigaud
Served as Governor of Louisiana from 1753 to 1763, overseeing the province during a significant period of French colonial rule. Implemented various administrative reforms and enhanced the military presence in the region. Facilitated trade and colonial expansion in the Mississippi Valley. Played a key role in defending Louisiana against British encroachments during the Seven Years' War.
Continue ReadingWilliam Warburton
A prominent English bishop and theologian, this individual served as the Bishop of Gloucester and later the Bishop of Durham. His writings significantly contributed to 18th-century English literature and theology. The publication of 'The Divine Right of Tithes' presented a defense of the established church's financial support. Additionally, this person authored 'The Alliance between Church and State', which examined the relationship between ecclesiastical and civil authority. Engagement in literary circles included friendships with leading figures of the time, and the influence on religious discourse lasted beyond the theological implications of the works.
Continue ReadingBernard Forest de Bélidor
Contributions to mathematics and engineering included significant works in hydraulics and architecture. Published major texts such as 'Architecture hydraulique', which outlined methodologies for water management and infrastructure design. The work provided foundational principles that influenced future engineering practices. In addition, mathematical contributions focused on the development of fluid mechanics and hydrostatics, impacting the fields of civil and mechanical engineering.
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