Born in 1705
Count Leopold Joseph von Daun
Served as a prominent field marshal in the Austrian Empire during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. Achieved notable victories against Frederick II of Prussia, particularly at the Battle of Kolin in 1757, which turned the tide of the war in favor of Austria. Held various command positions and participated in key military campaigns in Europe. Played a crucial role in the reorganization of the Austrian army.
Continue ReadingHenry Fox
Served as a prominent English politician during the 18th century. Held the title of 1st Baron Holland and the position of Secretary of State for the Southern Department. Engaged in various political endeavors, contributing to the administration under different monarchs. Played a significant role in shaping policies during a turbulent period in British history, facilitating negotiations and fostering political alliances.
Continue ReadingMaximilian Ulysses Browne
A distinguished military leader served in the Habsburg army during the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. Achieved the rank of field marshal and commanded Austrian forces in multiple significant battles. Played a crucial role in military campaigns across Europe, demonstrating strategic prowess and leadership. Held various important commands and was involved in both offensive and defensive operations, contributing to the Habsburg Empire's military objectives.
Continue ReadingPope Clement XIV
Elected pope in 1769, served until 1774. Played a crucial role in the dissolution of the Society of Jesus, leading to the suppression of Jesuit missions globally. Oversaw various reform efforts within the papacy and the Catholic Church during a period of tumultuous political changes in Europe. Engaged in diplomacy to manage relations among Catholic states, particularly in light of rising Enlightenment ideologies. His tenure was marked by significant challenges, including managing opposition from various monarchies and church factions.
Continue ReadingThomas Birch
An English historian and author, contributed significantly to historical documentation and literature in the 18th century. Focused on compiling and editing important historical texts. Published works included various biographies and historical accounts, which became crucial references for scholars. Engaged in efforts to document and preserve the history of England and its notable figures.
Continue ReadingPrince Frederick Henry Eugen of Anhalt-Dessau
Served as a notable military leader during the early 18th century. Took part in various campaigns and played a significant role in the Prussian army. Held the position of governor of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau. Engaged in the military strategies that were part of the War of Austrian Succession.
Continue ReadingDavid Hartley
Contributed to the fields of psychology and philosophy during the 18th century. Developed the theory of associationism, which explored how ideas connect to one another through experience. Authored 'Observations on Man,' a seminal work that examined human nature, perception, and the role of sensory experiences in shaping thoughts. Hartley’s ideas influenced later psychological theories and paved the way for future exploration of the mind.
Continue ReadingFrancis Blackburne
An English Anglican churchman and activist, contributed to religious discussions and social reforms during the 18th century. Focused on issues of church governance and the role of clergy in society. Engaged in debates about the Anglican Church’s approach to theology and polity. Wrote extensively on the need for reform within the Church of England, advocating for improved practices and accountability.
Continue ReadingAntónio José da Silva
A significant figure in the Brazilian-Portuguese theater scene, this playwright contributed notably to the baroque theatrical tradition. Many works combined elements of comedy and melodrama, reflecting societal issues of the time. 'Os Mistérios de El-Rei' became one of the most celebrated plays, showcasing a blend of humor and drama. This playwright's works were performed in popular theaters, contributing to the cultural landscape and influencing later generations. The playwright faced challenges from the Inquisition due to the themes and content of the works, ultimately leading to a life marked by both creativity and conflict in artistic expression.
Continue Reading