People Who Died in 1771
John Russell
Served as the 4th Duke of Bedford and held the position of Secretary of State for the Southern Department during the 18th century. Engaged in various political affairs and contributed to governmental decisions in England. Participated in discussions and policies that shaped the political landscape of the time.
Continue ReadingJean-Baptiste de Boyer
A prominent philosopher and author, contributed significantly to the intellectual landscape of the 18th century. Published numerous essays that explored various themes including religion, morality, and society. Engaged with Enlightenment ideas, promoting rational thought and empirical evidence. Corresponded with leading figures of the time and completed several important works that reflected the spirit of the age. Held the title of Marquis d'Argens, which symbolized social status within French nobility. His writings often challenged traditional beliefs and advocated for a more informed approach to philosophy and ethics.
Continue ReadingAdolf Frederick
Ruled as King of Sweden from 1751 until death in 1771. The reign included efforts to balance power among the monarchy, nobility, and bourgeoisie. Aimed for a neutral foreign policy to preserve Sweden’s autonomy. Celebrated for a focus on domestic stability and economic reforms, which contributed to a stronger central government. Notable for abolishing certain taxes and introducing state-controlled monopolies for trade.
Continue ReadingJean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan
Contributed to celestial mechanics and the study of atmospheric phenomena. Devised explanations for the variations in the length of day and night. Researched the nature of tides and lunar influence on Earth. Served as a member of the French Academy of Sciences, contributing to the development of scientific knowledge in the 18th century.
Continue ReadingChristopher Smart
Born in 1722, this individual made significant contributions to English literature through poetry and plays. His best-known work includes the poem 'Jubilate Agno', which was written during a time of mental turmoil. The poem is celebrated for its innovative structure and religious themes. Besides poetry, involvement in the theatrical world also marked his career as a playwright, where several of his works were performed during his lifetime. His struggles with mental health impacted his life and career, yet left a lasting legacy in English literary circles.
Continue ReadingGeorge Montagu-Dunk
Served as the 2nd Earl of Halifax and held the position of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Played a significant role in British politics during the mid-18th century, influencing colonial administration and governance. Participated actively in local and national politics, focusing on the administration of Ireland during a turbulent period.
Continue ReadingDaskalogiannis
A prominent figure in the Cretan revolt against Ottoman authority, he played a crucial role in leading the Greek independence movement in the 18th century. Daskalogiannis was instrumental in organizing and gathering support for the uprising, becoming a symbol of resistance in Crete. Captured by Ottoman forces, he faced execution, which further fueled revolutionary sentiments among Greeks. His legacy endures as a representation of the struggle for freedom in Greece.
Continue ReadingThomas Gray
Born in England in 1716, this individual was a prominent poet and scholar during the 18th century. He is most recognized for the elegy titled 'Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,' which showcases meditative themes on death and rural life. In addition to poetry, significant contributions were made to education and literature through scholarly work. He held a professorship at Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he influenced future generations of poets and scholars. Despite a relatively small body of work, the profound quality of poetry left a lasting legacy in English literature.
Continue ReadingTobias Smollett
Born in Scotland, literary contributions occurred in the 18th century, mostly characterized by satirical novels and poetry. Authored 'The Adventures of Roderick Random,' which illustrated adventures and misadventures, reflecting contemporary society. Additionally wrote 'Humphry Clinker,' showcasing epistolary form. Played a significant role in developing the English novel, blending humor with social commentary. Also known for historical works and translations, emphasizing depth in storytelling.
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