People Who Died in 1790
Israel Putnam
Served as a general in the American Revolutionary War. Participated in the Battle of Bunker Hill, where decisive leadership was exhibited. Spent early life as a farmer and gained experience in military affairs during the French and Indian War. His prominence grew as a military commander for the Continental Army, contributing to various campaigns.
Continue ReadingJean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle
Born in 1736, made significant contributions to the fields of mineralogy and geology. Developed the concept of crystallography and established foundational principles about crystal forms. Published works detailing the classification of minerals, which became essential references in mineralogical studies. Engaged in extensive research regarding the characteristics and classifications of various minerals, fostering advancements in the scientific community.
Continue ReadingFrançois Hemsterhuis
A significant figure in the 18th-century Dutch Enlightenment, this philosopher contributed to metaphysics and aesthetics. Establishing connections between philosophy and poetry, explored issues such as the nature of beauty and moral philosophy. His works emphasized the importance of feelings and intuition in understanding moral truths. Engaged critically with contemporaries, influencing later thinkers within both the European and Dutch intellectual landscapes.
Continue ReadingErnst Gideon von Laudon
Born in 1717, this Austrian field marshal served during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. Rising through the ranks, he became renowned for his strategic acumen and leadership in several key battles. He played a significant role in the defeat of the Prussian forces at the Battle of Kunersdorf. Later, he commanded Austrian troops to victory in the recapture of strategic territories bordered by Prussia and effectively contributed to the Austrian military's efforts in Europe during his tenure. His military tactics and fortifications became models for future campaigns.
Continue ReadingWilliam Livingston
Born in 1723, served as the first Governor of New Jersey from 1776 to 1790. Played a significant role in the early governance of the state following its declaration of independence. Actively participated in Revolutionary War politics, representing New Jersey in various capacities and contributing to the state's formation. His legal background supported his political endeavors and the establishment of governance during a tumultuous period in American history.
Continue ReadingJohann Bernhard Basedow
An influential figure in educational reform during the 18th century, this individual advocated for progressive educational methods. Founded the Philanthropinum in Dessau, which emphasized practical education, moral development, and physical training. Authored several works promoting these ideas, including 'Elementarwerk', which served as a model for modern education. Pioneered the concept of integrating educational practices to foster holistic development in children.
Continue ReadingJohann Nikolaus von Hontheim
Born in 1701, contributed significantly to historical and theological discourse. Authored 'Febronius', which presented a defense of Papal authority while promoting conciliarism. His work sparked discussions within the Catholic Church, influencing both theological debates and political dynamics in Europe during the 18th century. Hontheim's scholarly approach combined history with religious commentary, emphasizing the relationship between church and state.
Continue ReadingJohn Keyse Sherwin
An English engraver, associated with high-quality portraits and illustrations. Achieved recognition for detailed engravings of notable figures and works that contributed to the art of engraving in England during the 18th century. Worked with various prominent artists of the time, translating paintings into engravings, which expanded the accessibility of art among the public. Sherwin's technique and attention to detail helped set a standard in the art of engraving.
Continue ReadingLyman Hall
Born in 1724, Hall served as a physician and clergyman. He represented Georgia in the Continental Congress and was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He held the position of the 16th Governor of Georgia from 1783 to 1784. Hall played a significant role in the early governance of Georgia following its break from British rule, contributing to the establishment of the state as a key player in the formation of the United States.
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