Born in 1811
Jón Sigurðsson
Born in Iceland in 1811, a scholar and politician played a significant role in Iceland's national awakening. He advocated for the autonomy of Iceland from Danish rule. As a key figure in the Icelandic independence movement, he participated in the founding of the Icelandic National Movement, which sought greater rights for the Icelandic people. His efforts culminated in the establishment of the Alliance of Icelandic Students in Copenhagen, which promoted Icelandic culture and language. His dedication to Icelandic independence laid the foundation for future political movements leading to the country's full sovereignty.
Continue ReadingJohn Archibald Campbell
Served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1853 to 1861. Contributed significantly to legal scholarship throughout his career and was a prominent advocate for states' rights. Engaged in various legal practices and handled a number of important cases, shaping legal precedent during a crucial period in American history. After the Civil War, continued to practice law in the South, focusing on issues relevant to the Reconstruction era.
Continue ReadingWilliam Makepeace Thackeray
An English author and poet, recognized for wit and social commentary. The most notable work includes 'Vanity Fair', a novel depicting English society during the early 19th century. Thackeray's writing often focused on themes of morality and class distinctions. He also edited and contributed to various periodicals, gaining popularity through serialized works. Born in Calcutta, India, Thackeray was educated in England, where he began his career as an illustrator before shifting to literature. His narratives often employed a satirical tone, shedding light on the hypocrisies of society.
Continue ReadingRobert Mackenzie
Born in Scotland and later moving to Australia, served as the third Premier of Queensland. Held office during significant growth periods for the colony and contributed to the development of infrastructure and governance. Implemented various reforms that shaped the political landscape of Queensland in the 19th century.
Continue ReadingElisha Otis
Established the Otis Elevator Company, which revolutionized building design and urban architecture by making high-rise structures feasible. In 1852, invented the safety elevator, enhancing vertical transportation systems. The invention prevented elevators from falling if the lifting cable broke, significantly improving safety standards. The company became the largest manufacturer of elevators in the world, contributing to the construction of many iconic buildings.
Continue ReadingAmbroise Thomas
A prominent composer and academic, this individual contributed significantly to French opera during the 19th century. His most acclaimed work, the opera 'Mireille', premiered in 1864 and remains a staple of the operatic repertoire. He also composed 'Hamlet', which debuted in 1868 and showcased his ability to adapt literary classics into engaging musical experiences. In addition to composition, this figure held various academic roles, influencing a generation of musicians through teaching and mentorship.
Continue ReadingThéophile Gautier
Born in 1811, a prominent French poet and critic contributed significantly to the literary world during the 19th century. Associated with the Romantic movement, published poetry collections such as 'Émaux et Camées' and engaged with literary criticism through works like 'La poésie' and 'Le roman de la momie'. Gautier played a crucial role in the promotion of the aesthetic movement in France and explored themes of beauty and art in his writings.
Continue ReadingJames Montgomrey
Played a significant role in the development of Brentford, England. Contributed to local improvements and community projects, enhancing the welfare of residents. Led initiatives that shaped the town's infrastructure and social services.
Continue ReadingJohn Humphrey Noyes
A 19th-century religious leader established a utopian community in Oneida, New York. A proponent of complex marriage, communal living, and perfectionism, he sought to create a society based on shared property and spiritual ideals. In 1848, founded the Oneida Community, which operated as a commune for nearly thirty years, emphasizing collective ownership and equality. Faced with criticism and legal challenges, left the community in 1879, continuing his teachings until death in 1886.
Continue Reading