What Happened This Year 1831

Born in 1831

Isabella Bird

English explorer and writer
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
October 7th, 1904 120 years ago — 73 years old

A prominent 19th-century explorer and writer, this individual traveled extensively, documenting her journeys in various regions including the American West, India, and Japan. These travels were detailed in her writings, which provided insights into the cultures and landscapes encountered. The work 'A Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains' portrayed experiences in Colorado and has been recognized for its narrative style and detailed observations. This person was also the first woman to be elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.

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Felicita Vestvali

German actress and opera singer
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
April 3rd, 1880 144 years ago — 49 years old

An accomplished actress and opera singer, this individual gained recognition in the 19th century for performances in various operatic roles and theatrical productions across Europe. Notably, participation in productions at prestigious venues established a prominent reputation in both opera and theater. Contributions to the arts included performances in notable operas, expanding the repertoire available to audiences of the time.

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Juan Santamaría

Costa Rican soldier and national hero
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
April 11th, 1856 168 years ago — 25 years old

A soldier from Costa Rica, played a significant role in the Battle of Rivas during the Filibuster War in 1856. This battle was part of the efforts to resist William Walker's invasion of Central America. Santamaría is heralded for his bravery and sacrifice, ultimately dying in combat. His actions contributed to the defeat of Walker's forces, establishing him as a national symbol of bravery in Costa Rica.

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Xianfeng

Emperor of China during Qing Dynasty
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
August 22nd, 1861 163 years ago — 30 years old

Ascended the throne in 1850 at the young age of 19 during a tumultuous period marked by social unrest and foreign invasions. His reign was characterized by internal strife, notably the Taiping Rebellion, which lasted from 1850 to 1864. This conflict severely weakened the Qing Dynasty and led to significant loss of life and economic instability. The Opium Wars also unfolded during this time, initiating foreign interventions that challenged China's sovereignty. The emperor struggled to modernize the military and administrative systems to counter these pressures. His efforts, however, were limited in scope and effectiveness. Xianfeng passed away in 1861, leaving a kingdom in crisis and paving the way for the eventual fall of the Qing dynasty.

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Grenville M. Dodge

General and politician in the U.S.
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
January 3rd, 1916 109 years ago — 85 years old

Served as a Union general during the Civil War. Played a significant role in major battles such as the Battle of Shiloh and the Battle of Memphis. After the war, engaged in railroad construction and became a prominent figure in the development of the Transcontinental Railroad. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa, contributing to legislative efforts during his term. Worked as an engineer and was involved in various infrastructure projects throughout the western United States.

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Ignatius L. Donnelly

American politician and writer
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
January 1st, 1901 124 years ago — 70 years old

Engaged in American politics during the late 19th century, contributed to the Populist movement. Authored several books, including 'Atlantis: The Antediluvian World,' which proposed theories about Atlantis and ancient civilizations. Served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1871 to 1873. Conducted studies in fringe science, promoting controversial ideas about lost civilizations and humanity's past.

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John Schofield

American general and Secretary of War
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
March 4th, 1906 119 years ago — 75 years old

A prominent figure in the American military and political arena, served as the 28th Secretary of War from 1868 to 1869. Led troops in several significant battles during the Civil War, including the Battle of Wilson’s Creek and the Atlanta Campaign. After the war, held various military commands and participated in the Reconstruction efforts, overseeing military districts in the South. Played a crucial role in the negotiations surrounding the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson, advocating for leniency in dealing with the South post-war.

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Emperor Kōmei of Japan

Japanese Emperor during the Bakumatsu
Born
1831 194 years ago
Died
January 30th, 1867 158 years ago — 36 years old

Reigned from 1850 until 1867, played a crucial role during the Bakumatsu period, which marked a time of political upheaval in Japan. Opposed the Tokugawa shogunate and supported the movement to restore imperial rule. Authored the 'Waka' poetry and promoted cultural reform. His reign coincided with increasing Western influence, leading to significant changes in Japan's political landscape.

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