Born in 1837
Alexandre Guilmant
Born in 1837, a significant figure in organ music, serving as an organist at various churches and pursuing a career in composition. Studied under prominent musicians and contributed extensively to the repertoire for the organ. Played a pivotal role in the establishment of organ music as a vital part of concert repertoire, creating works that bridged the gap between classical music and liturgical compositions. Also involved in teaching, sharing expertise with future generations of musicians through masterclasses and publications.
Continue ReadingCharles Ammi Cutter
Significant contributions were made to the field of library science, particularly in cataloging and classification. Developed the Cutter Expansive Classification system, which provided a systematic approach to organizing library materials. Served as the librarian for the Boston Athenaeum and played a vital role in shaping modern cataloging standards. Advocated for library education and professionalism, influencing future generations of librarians.
Continue ReadingGrover Cleveland
Served as the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. His non-consecutive terms marked him as the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms. Focused on issues such as political reform and opposition to high tariffs. Prior to his presidency, held the position of Governor of New York. Advocated for the principles of fiscal conservatism and honest government, which contributed to his presidential campaigns.
Continue ReadingJohn Burroughs
Contributed significantly to the field of natural history through writings that emphasized the beauty and importance of nature. Authored numerous essays and books, including 'Wake-Robin' and 'The Mountains of California'. Advocated for the appreciation of nature long before the environmental movement gained traction. Each work highlighted different aspects of the natural world and helped foster a broader understanding of nature conservation.
Continue ReadingAlgernon Charles Swinburne
Born in England, a significant literary figure of the Victorian era, produced works characterized by their bold themes and innovative use of language. Authored several plays, including 'The Queen Mother' and 'Chastelard', alongside influential poetry collections such as 'Poems and Ballads'. His writing often explored themes of sexuality, politics, and nature, earning recognition for its lyrical beauty and complex structure. Contributed extensively to the development of the dramatic monologue and was associated with a group of poets known as the Pre-Raphaelites.
Continue ReadingElmer E. Ellsworth
Served as a significant figure in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Joined the military and quickly rose to prominence for leadership qualities and dedication. Established a reputation for organizing military units and overseeing training. Became the first officer to be killed in the Civil War, which garnered attention and raised awareness about the conflict. Before military service, worked as a law clerk and was involved in various legal activities.
Continue ReadingJ. P. Morgan
An influential banker and financier shaped the American economy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Played a key role in the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. Instrumental in the creation of General Electric and U.S. Steel, two major corporations of the era. Acted as a leading figure in the financial sector, providing significant funding for government efforts during economic crises. His investment strategies and banking practices laid the foundation for modern banking.
Continue ReadingFredrik Bajer
An educator and politician, played a significant role in advocating for peace and disarmament. Served as a member of the Danish Parliament and contributed to various educational reforms. Actively participated in international peace movements, earning recognition for efforts towards global harmony. Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908 for contributions to promoting peaceful resolutions to conflicts.
Continue ReadingGeorges Ernest Boulanger
A French general and politician served as the Minister of War in the late 19th century. Boulanger gained popularity for advocating military reforms and strengthening France's military capabilities. He emerged as a significant political figure during the Dreyfus Affair, rallying nationalist sentiments and gaining a large following. His political aspirations culminated in a run for the presidency, but ultimately faced challenges and his career declined. After departing from politics, Boulanger's life ended in exile.
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