What Happened This Year 1858
Born in 1858
Émile Durkheim
A foundational figure in sociology and social psychology, contributed significantly to the establishment of sociology as a formal discipline. Developed theories on social order, structures, and functions within society. Introduced concepts such as anomie and collective consciousness. Published key works including 'The Division of Labor in Society', 'Suicide', and 'The Elementary Forms of Religious Life'. Helped to shape the methods of sociological study, emphasizing the importance of empirical research and statistical analysis.
Continue ReadingDhondo Keshav Karve
Pioneered women's education and founded the first women's university in India. Established the Widows' Home in Pune, which aimed to provide education and vocational training to widows. Advocated for women's rights and social reform throughout his life, working tirelessly to improve the status of women in society. Contributed significantly to the social reform movement in Maharashtra, promoting education and empowerment for women.
Continue ReadingAlexander Shirvanzade
Born in 1858, this playwright and author emerged as an influential figure in Armenian literature. Engaging with societal issues, this individual created works that reflected the challenges faced by Armenian people during a tumultuous period. The writings often highlighted themes of national identity, cultural heritage, and social justice. Contributions to the stage included several significant plays that are still read and performed today, exploring the human condition in a uniquely Armenian context. The impact on contemporary playwrights and authors remains evident as the body of work continues to inspire.
Continue ReadingEthel Smyth
An English composer and suffragette, made significant contributions to classical music. Composed operas, orchestral works, and chamber music, showcasing a distinctive style. Gained prominence with the opera 'The Wreckers' and composed the march 'The March of the Women' in support of women's suffrage. Worked closely with prominent figures like Emmeline Pankhurst and participated in suffrage activities.
Continue ReadingFritz Mayer van den Bergh
Contributed significantly to the field of art history through extensive collection and documentation of artworks. Curated an impressive collection of paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts, which showcased various styles and periods. Established the Mayer van den Bergh Museum in Antwerp to display the collection, ensuring public access to the artworks. Engaged in research focused on medieval and early Netherlandish art, enhancing understanding of the historical context of the pieces collected.
Continue ReadingMax Planck
A physicist contributed to the foundations of quantum theory, which revolutionized the understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. Planck introduced the concept of quantized energy levels, leading to the formulation of Planck's law of black-body radiation. This work earned a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918. In addition to research, Planck served as a professor and held key academic positions in Germany during a period of significant scientific advancement.
Continue ReadingJohn L. Leal
Contributed significantly to the field of public health, particularly in water purification. Employed chlorination as a method for treating drinking water, which greatly reduced waterborne diseases. His work laid the foundation for modern water treatment practices and public health initiatives. Served as the New Jersey State Health Commissioner and actively participated in various health organizations.
Continue ReadingJ. Meade Falkner
An English author and poet, Falkner gained recognition for contributions to literature in the late 19th century. Often associated with the adventure genre, Falkner’s most significant works include 'The Lost Stradivarius' and 'Moonfleet'. 'Moonfleet', published in 1898, is set in the early 18th century and revolves around smuggling and adventure, becoming a classic of children's literature. Falkner also contributed to poetry and was involved in the literary discussions of his time, reflecting the style and themes of the era. His writing often featured intricate plots and a deep sense of place, which appealed to a wide audience. In addition to writing, Falkner had interests in various fields including engineering. His literary legacy continued to be studied and appreciated long after his passing.
Continue ReadingHeinrich Berté
Born in 1858, a composer contributed significantly to the genre of operetta. Throughout a prolific career, composed numerous works that gained popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Operettas such as "Der Vogelhändler" and "Die lustige Witwe" showcased a blend of catchy melodies and engaging narratives, appealing to audiences across Europe. Also worked extensively in theater music, creating a legacy that influenced future generations of composers. Spent considerable periods in various cities, including Vienna, where influenced the operatic scene.
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