What Happened This Year 1861
People Who Died in 1861
Abdülmecid I
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1839 until death in 1861. Initiated significant reforms known as the Tanzimat aimed at modernizing the empire's administration and military. Implemented changes that promoted western-style legal systems and education. Championed the arts, leading to the establishment of new schools and the encouragement of local artists. Granted a constitution in 1856, marking the first step towards constitutional monarchy in the empire.
Continue ReadingElizabeth Barrett Browning
Born in England and later moving to Italy, this poet became one of the most prominent figures of the Victorian era. Notable works include 'Sonnets from the Portuguese', a collection dedicated to her husband, Robert Browning. Her career also included translations of other literary works, reflecting a strong command of languages and literature. The poet wrote extensively on themes such as love, social injustice, and the plight of children. Her writing style combined elements of romanticism and Victorian sensibility, earning significant recognition during her lifetime and beyond.
Continue ReadingJonas Furrer
Held office as a member of the Swiss Federal Council from 1848 until 1854. Played a significant role in the establishment of the Federal State. Served as the first president of the Federal Council in 1848. Contributed to the drafting of the Swiss Constitution.
Continue ReadingVincent Novello
Born in England in 1781, a significant composer and music publisher contributed to the classical music landscape during the 19th century. Established a publishing house specializing in both sacred and secular music, making a vast array of compositions accessible in print. Collaborated with various composers and provided platforms for new works. Maintained an active role in the musical community, engaging with notable musicians and promoting their compositions.
Continue ReadingEliphalet Remington
Founded Remington Arms Company in 1816, which became a major producer of firearms in the United States. The company initially started with manufacturing a single-shot rifle and evolved into producing a wide range of firearms, including rifles, shotguns, and ammunition. Remington Arms played a significant role in the American Civil War by supplying weapons to the Union Army. Over the years, the company established its reputation for durable and reliable products.
Continue ReadingXianfeng
Ascended the throne in 1850 at the young age of 19 during a tumultuous period marked by social unrest and foreign invasions. His reign was characterized by internal strife, notably the Taiping Rebellion, which lasted from 1850 to 1864. This conflict severely weakened the Qing Dynasty and led to significant loss of life and economic instability. The Opium Wars also unfolded during this time, initiating foreign interventions that challenged China's sovereignty. The emperor struggled to modernize the military and administrative systems to counter these pressures. His efforts, however, were limited in scope and effectiveness. Xianfeng passed away in 1861, leaving a kingdom in crisis and paving the way for the eventual fall of the Qing dynasty.
Continue ReadingTekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska
Born in Poland, a composer and pianist created works during the 19th century. Bądarzewska-Baranowska is best recognized for 'Romance', which gained popularity across Europe. Her compositions were played in parlors and salons, contributing to the burgeoning piano repertoire of the era. Despite a brief life, her music, often characterized by lyrical melodies, has continued to capture interest in subsequent generations. Limited documentation exists concerning her complete works, yet her most prominent piece remains celebrated among music enthusiasts and scholars.
Continue ReadingAntoni Melchior Fijałkowski
Born in 1778, a prominent figure in the Polish Catholic Church, served as the Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland. Played a significant role in the Church's administration and religious leadership during a time of political upheaval in Poland. Worked to strengthen the Church's position in society and contributed to the spiritual affairs of Poland. Was involved in various religious and social initiatives aimed at the welfare of the community.
Continue ReadingEdward Dickinson Baker
Served as a United States Congressman representing Illinois. Participated in the Mexican-American War and achieved the rank of Colonel during the Civil War. Commanded the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, engaging in key battles such as the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Baker's leadership during the war and his political career contributed to his recognition in American history.
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