What Happened This Year 1861
People Who Died in 1861
Pedro V of Portugal
Born in 1837, ascended the throne in 1853 following the death of his father, Miguel I. He supported constitutional monarchy and social reforms in Portugal. During his reign, efforts were made to modernize the country, particularly regarding education and infrastructure. Health issues plagued his reign, and he died in 1861 under circumstances that raised concerns of the state of the monarchy at the time. His contributions to the transformation of Portugal into a modern state are notable during a period marked by political tumult.
Continue ReadingJean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire
A prominent priest and activist contributed significantly to the revival of the Catholic faith in France during the 19th century. Founded the Dominican Order in France after its suppression during the French Revolution, promoting religious education and social justice. Delivered influential sermons that addressed societal issues, emphasizing the role of faith in public life. Advocated for the establishment of schools and institutions that fostered education and moral values. Engaged with contemporary political and social issues, participating actively in debates surrounding secularism and the role of the Church in society.
Continue ReadingWilliam John Wills
An English surgeon and explorer, contributions included participating in the first successful expedition to cross Australia from south to north. Joined the Victorian Exploring Expedition led by Robert O'Hara Burke in 1860. The journey faced extreme hardships, including harsh weather and scarce supplies. Wills became a key figure in the ill-fated venture, which ultimately ended in tragedy. The expedition lost many members, including Wills, while seeking relief and returning to their starting point. Posthumously, he gained recognition for the challenges faced during the expedition and the ultimate sacrifice made in pursuit of exploration.
Continue ReadingArthur Hugh Clough
Born in 1819, this poet and academic contributed significantly to English literature. A significant figure in the Victorian era, he is recognized for pioneering modern poetic forms and themes. Educated at Rugby School and Oriel College, Oxford, he held various academic positions, including the role of a lecturer. His most notable work, 'The Bothie of Tober-na-Vuolich,' illustrates his unique style and philosophical insight through a narrative poem format. Throughout his life, he engaged with the cultural and intellectual currents of his time, influencing subsequent generations of writers and thinkers.
Continue ReadingFrancis Danby
An Irish painter active during the Romantic era, focused primarily on landscape painting. Initially studied in Ireland, later moved to England where he became part of the art scene in London. His work often depicted dramatic skies and emotional scenes, capturing the beauty of nature. Produced several notable works, including 'The Deluge' and 'The Bard'. Danby’s use of light and color influenced many subsequent artists.
Continue ReadingWilliam Lyon Mackenzie
A journalist and politician, made significant contributions to the early governance of Canada. Became the first Mayor of Toronto in 1834. Advocated for democratic reform and was a leading figure in the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837, which aimed to achieve responsible government. After the rebellion, faced exile in the United States but continued to be active in political discourse.
Continue ReadingPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Born into the Saxe-Coburg family, this princess married Edward, Duke of Kent, the fourth son of King George III. The union produced one daughter, who later became Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. The princess served a pivotal role in the family circle, fostering connections between the German and British royal families. Her lineage had a lasting influence on European monarchies. She passed away in 1861.
Continue ReadingHenri Murger
A significant figure in 19th-century French literature, this individual authored the novel 'Scènes de la Vie de Bohème', which depicted the lives of impoverished artists and writers in Paris. The work captured the essence of Bohemian culture and inspired later adaptations including Puccini's opera 'La Bohème'. Murger's writings reflected the struggles and passions of the artistic community and contributed to the Romantic literary movement in France.
Continue ReadingGeorge Derby
Served as a lieutenant in the United States Army, participating in the Mexican-American War. Later transitioned into journalism, contributing to various publications. Gained recognition for his satirical writings, particularly in the San Francisco Golden Era. Developed a reputation as a keen observer of society, blending humor with insightful commentary. Engaged in activities that promoted literary culture during his lifetime.
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