What Happened This Year 1863

Born in 1863

Felix Calonder

Swiss politician and soldier, 36th President
Born
December 7th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
1952 73 years ago — 89 years old

A Swiss soldier and politician served as the 36th President of the Swiss Confederation. Played a significant role in Swiss politics during the early 20th century. Contributed to the political landscape through various government positions and was involved in legislative reforms. His leadership was particularly noted during periods of national development within Switzerland.

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Richard Warren Sears

American businessman, co-founded Sears
Born
December 7th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
September 28th, 1914 110 years ago — 50 years old

Co-founded a major retail company that became one of the largest and most recognizable department stores in the United States. Established a catalog business that revolutionized retail and personal shopping, making products accessible to rural consumers. Instrumental in developing the company into a diverse retail operation, expanding beyond catalogs into physical retail locations.

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Charles Lincoln Edwards

Zoologist and natural history author
Born
December 8th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
1937 88 years ago — 74 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of zoology, focusing on the study of animal behavior and natural history. Authored several works that detailed observations and findings in zoology. His research included extensive studies on species and their habitats, which contributed to understanding wildlife and its conservation. Actively participated in various scientific societies and contributed to the advancement of zoological literature through publications that were used as references in academic and research settings.

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Annie Jump Cannon

American astronomer and educator
Born
December 11th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
April 13th, 1941 83 years ago — 77 years old

An astronomer and academic specialized in stellar classification. Developed the Harvard Classification Scheme, categorizing stars based on their temperatures and spectral types. Contributed significantly to the study of variable stars and collaborated with a group of female astronomers known as the 'Harvard Computers' at Harvard Observatory. Authored numerous publications and promoted women in science throughout her career.

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Edvard Munch

Norwegian painter, 'The Scream' creator
Born
December 12th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
January 23rd, 1944 81 years ago — 80 years old

A prominent figure in the Expressionist movement, the painter and illustrator focused on emotional experiences rather than physical reality. His most famous work, 'The Scream', exemplifies the exploration of anxiety and existential dread. This piece has become one of the most iconic images in the history of art. Munch's work often delved into themes of love, anxiety, and death, deeply influenced by his personal experiences and tragedies. He produced a variety of paintings, prints, and other artworks throughout his career, showcasing a distinct style characterized by bold colors and dynamic forms.

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Arthur Dehon Little

American chemist and engineer
Born
December 15th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
1935 90 years ago — 72 years old

Contributed significantly to the development of the chemical engineering profession and played a key role in establishing the field of chemical analysis. Co-founded the consulting firm Arthur D. Little, Inc., which provided pioneering research and development services. Published numerous papers on topics related to chemical engineering and worked on various industrial projects that advanced technologies within the industry.

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George Santayana

Philosopher and poet with major works
Born
December 16th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
September 26th, 1952 72 years ago — 88 years old

Born in Spain, an influential philosopher, novelist, and poet. Contributed significantly to aesthetics and philosophy, emphasizing the importance of experience in human existence. Wrote several important works, including 'The Life of Reason' and 'Scepticism and Animal Faith'. Also authored poetry that explored existential themes, often reflecting on the nature of truth and beauty. Spent much of his later life in the United States, where he continued to develop his philosophical ideas and engage in intellectual discourse.

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Austrian archduke and military leader
Born
December 18th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
1914 111 years ago — 51 years old

Born in 1863, served as the heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Held the title of Archduke of Austria and was involved in military matters, significantly shaping military strategy. His visit to Sarajevo in 1914 led to his assassination, an event that triggered World War I. His death had profound implications for European politics and stability.

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Wallace Bryant

American archer and Olympic competitor
Born
December 19th, 1863 161 years ago
Died
May 2nd, 1953 71 years ago — 89 years old

Competed in archery during the early 20th century. Represented the United States in the 1904 Summer Olympics held in St. Louis. Participated in multiple events, showcasing skill in a sport that gained prominence during this period. In the Olympics, earned a bronze medal in the men's team archery event, contributing to the competitive landscape of American archers at that time.

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