What Happened This Year 1868
People Who Died in 1868
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
A prominent botanist and explorer, contributions focused on the flora of Brazil. Studied botany extensively, leading expeditions to collect plant specimens. Worked on the classification and documentation of various plant species. Developed significant works, including 'Flora Brasiliae.' Additionally, served as a naturalist and produced detailed accounts of Brazilian ecology and culture during the 19th century.
Continue ReadingAdolphe d'Archiac
A French paleontologist and geologist contributed extensively to the study of fossils and geological formations. Worked on the classification of fossil species and the understanding of the stratigraphy of various regions in France. Published works on paleontology that influenced geologic studies in the 19th century. Served as a member of the French Geological Society and participated in various geological investigations in France.
Continue ReadingLinus Yale Jr.
An American engineer and businessman, significant contributions to lock technology were made while operating a lock manufacturing company. Developed the pin tumbler lock mechanism, which revolutionized locking systems. Patented multiple inventions related to locks and keys. Contributed to the founding of Yale & Towne Manufacturing Company in 1868, furthering production and distribution of high-quality locking devices.
Continue ReadingEmanuel Leutze
Born in Germany and later moving to America, created significant works that depicted pivotal moments in American history. Best recognized for the painting 'Washington Crossing the Delaware', which captures George Washington leading his troops during the Revolutionary War. Leutze's work reflects a blend of European artistic traditions and American themes, contributing to the art of the 19th century.
Continue ReadingAdah Isaacs Menken
An actress, painter, and poet active in the 19th century, this individual gained prominence through performances in various theatrical productions. Most famously, starred in the title role of 'Mazeppa,' a play that highlighted her talents and garnered significant attention. Additionally engaged in painting and writing poetry, contributing to the arts during a transformative time. The blend of performance and visual art reflected a multifaceted approach to creativity.
Continue ReadingDavid Brewster
Contributions included significant work in optics and the invention of the first practical polariscope. Brewster made advancements in the study of light and polarization. He served as the first principal of the Edinburgh School of Arts and was involved in various scientific societies. Brewster published numerous papers and authored the book 'The Optics of the Microscope'. His research extended into the realms of geology, and he was a promoter of the study of the Scottish landscape.
Continue ReadingGeorge Bliss
Born in 1813, a prominent American politician served in various capacities throughout his career. Held the position of the first United States Assistant Postmaster General from 1861 to 1865, overseeing significant postal system changes during the Civil War. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, representing New York from 1853 to 1855. Active in local politics as a member of the New York State Assembly and served as the 12th Mayor of Buffalo, New York. Engaged in public service with a focus on infrastructure development and postal reforms.
Continue ReadingHarriet Sutherland-Leveson-Gower
Born in 1806, the Duchess of Sutherland played a prominent role in social reform in 19th-century England. As a member of the aristocracy, she advocated for various causes, including education and poverty alleviation. The duchess became involved in significant public initiatives, particularly in the field of education, supporting the establishment of schools and libraries. She was a key figure in the philanthropic movement, contributing to the welfare of the poor and endorsing women's rights. Her influence extended into the political landscape as she utilized her position to champion reforms aimed at improving societal conditions.
Continue ReadingAlexander Thomson of Banchory
Born in Scotland in 1798, this individual contributed significantly to agricultural reforms and the legal field. As a jurist, played a role in shaping local laws that influenced agricultural practices. In addition, engaged in religious activism, advocating for reforms within the church and supporting various social justice causes throughout the region.
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