What Happened This Year 1878
People Who Died in 1878
Richard M. Brewer
Engaged in criminal activities during the 19th century in the United States. Led a gang involved in robbery and other illegal enterprises in the American West. His actions contributed to the notorious reputation of outlaws during this period, particularly in the context of post-Civil War America.
Continue ReadingWilliam M. Tweed
Born in 1823, a prominent political figure in New York City, affiliated with the Democratic Party. Led Tammany Hall, a powerful political organization, during the mid-19th century. Served as a member of the New York City Board of Supervisors and later as a state senator. His tenure was marked by significant political control over the city's government. Instrumental in various public works projects that facilitated the city's growth.
Continue ReadingAnna Sewell
An English author, wrote the novel 'Black Beauty', published in 1877. The book is narrated from the perspective of a horse and explores themes of animal welfare and empathy towards animals. It became one of the best-selling books of all time and continues to influence animal rights discussions. The novel has inspired numerous adaptations in film, theater, and various forms of media, promoting awareness of social issues related to animal treatment.
Continue ReadingAnselme Payen
Contributed to the field of chemistry by discovering the enzyme diastase, an important catalyst in the breakdown of starch into sugars. Served as a professor at the Collège de France and published numerous scientific articles. Participated in the establishment of the Société Chimique de France, promoting chemical research in France.
Continue ReadingJoseph Henry
A prominent American physicist and engineer, contributed significantly to the field of electromagnetism. His research laid foundational principles for the development of the telegraph and other electrical devices. Henry made substantial advancements in the understanding of self-induction and mutual induction, which are crucial for the operation of inductors in electrical circuits. He also served as the first Director of the National Institute for the Promotion of Science, now part of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. An influential figure in the scientific community, engaged in extensive correspondence with contemporaries such as Michael Faraday.
Continue ReadingŌkubo Toshimichi
A prominent samurai and politician during the Meiji Restoration, played a key role in the establishment of modern Japan. Served as a member of the first cabinet and held multiple ministerial positions, including Minister of Finance. Contributed to extensive reforms in Japanese society and government, focusing on modernization and Westernization. Involved in the unification of Japan's political structure and supported the abolition of the feudal system. Played a significant part in promoting industry and education.
Continue ReadingKikuchi Yōsai
Active during the late Edo period, this painter specialized in traditional Japanese art, particularly ukiyo-e. Influenced by both classical and contemporary styles, contributions included detailed landscapes and portraits. The artist's work frequently showcased scenes from nature and elements of Japanese culture, reflecting the aesthetics of the time. Yōsai's techniques combined vibrant colors with fine brushwork, gaining recognition in artistic circles of the period. The painter's legacy endures through various collections of works housed in museums and galleries across Japan.
Continue ReadingCrawford Long
A surgeon and pharmacist in the United States, played a crucial role in the development of ether anesthesia during surgeries. Conducted the first public demonstration of ether anesthesia in 1842, which marked a significant advancement in pain management during operations. His work laid the groundwork for modern anesthesiology and pain management practices.
Continue ReadingMercedes of Orléans
Mercedes of Orléans served as the Queen Consort of Spain after marrying King Alfonso XII in 1879. Born in France, she was a member of the House of Orléans. The marriage aimed to strengthen ties between Spain and France. Though her reign was short, she became a significant figure in Spanish society. Her reign faced challenges, including political instability and societal change in Spain. Mercedes's health declined after her marriage, leading to her untimely death a few months later. Despite her brief time as queen, she remains a historical figure associated with the Spanish monarchy.
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