What Happened This Year 1883
Born in 1883
Constance Georgina Adams
Specialized in the study of South African flora, with significant contributions to botany through extensive research and publication. Involved with the Botanical Research Institute of South Africa, where research focused on the classification and documentation of plant species. Published key works that provided insights into the ecology and distribution of indigenous plant species. Actively participated in local and international botanical societies, fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange among peers.
Continue ReadingMarion Lorne
Born in 1883, this American actress gained recognition for a significant television role and various film appearances. A prominent career included work on Broadway before transitioning to film and television. Notably, portrayed the character Aunt Clara in the classic television series 'Bewitched.' Apart from television, also appeared in films from the early 20th century that contributed to the entertainment industry.
Continue ReadingMartha Hedman
Born in 1883, this individual gained recognition for theatrical performances and her contributions to drama. After emigrating to the United States, significant roles in stage productions exemplified talent in both acting and writing. Works included contributions to American theater that showcased intricate characters and narratives. In addition to acting, this individual was involved in playwriting, further enriching the theatrical landscape during the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingErnest Everett Just
Contributions to the field of biology, particularly in cell biology and embryology, defined a significant portion of early 20th-century research. Studied at Dartmouth College and later obtained a doctorate from the University of Chicago. Research focused on the development of marine organisms, including the fertilization and development of eggs. Pioneered work on the role of the nucleus and the cytoplasm in the embryonic development process. Served as a professor and had a notable influence on the education of African American scientists and students.
Continue ReadingIvan Meštrović
A prominent sculptor and architect, this individual played a significant role in the development of modern sculpture in the 20th century. Educational background included studies at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna. Major works include the sculptures of the 'Gospa od Tarca' and 'Pieta', and the architectural design of St. George's Church in the village of Dreznik. Resided in the United States during parts of his career and became a professor at Syracuse University, influencing future generations of artists.
Continue ReadingJosé Mendes Cabeçadas
An admiral in the Portuguese Navy, served as the 9th President of Portugal from 1926 to 1926. Played a significant role during the military coup of 1926 that led to the establishment of a military dictatorship in Portugal. Before becoming president, held various naval leadership positions and contributed to military strategies. Resigned from presidency shortly after taking office due to political pressure.
Continue ReadingCoco Chanel
A prominent French fashion designer revolutionized women's fashion in the early 20th century. Founded the Chanel Company, which became synonymous with luxury and elegance. Created the iconic Chanel No. 5 perfume and the Chanel suit, both of which redefined femininity and style. Her designs emphasized comfort and simplicity, moving away from the restrictive garments of the era. The little black dress emerged as a staple in women's wardrobes through her influence. Chanel's work extended beyond fashion to include jewelry and accessories, solidifying her brand as an enduring symbol of fashion.
Continue ReadingJonathan M. Wainwright
Born in 1883, served as a general in the United States Army during World War II. Commanded forces in the Philippines, especially during the early stages of the Japanese invasion. Surrendered at Corregidor in 1942, enduring significant hardships as a prisoner of war. Demonstrated resilience and leadership in captivity, ultimately awarded the Medal of Honor in 1945 for his service and bravery.
Continue ReadingTheo van Doesburg
This individual was a pioneering Dutch artist and architectural designer, significantly contributing to the De Stijl movement alongside Piet Mondrian. Active in the early 20th century, the individual explored abstraction and geometric form, emphasizing the use of primary colors. As a founder of De Stijl, he promoted a new aesthetic that influenced various fields, including architecture, painting, and typography. The individual also engaged in design and wrote extensively about art and philosophy, further pioneering ideas that bridged visual art with modernism. The involvement with various publications and exhibitions helped spread the principles of the movement across Europe.
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