What Happened This Year 1889
Born in 1889
Karel Doorman
Served as an admiral in the Royal Netherlands Navy during World War II. Commanded the naval forces of the Netherlands East Indies and played a crucial role in the Battle of the Java Sea. Known for leadership and strategic naval operations against Japanese forces. Emphasized the importance of naval power in protecting Dutch interests during the conflict. He died in action in 1942, becoming a symbol of Dutch naval bravery.
Continue ReadingLyubov Popova
An influential Russian painter and academic contributed to the development of the Russian avant-garde movement. Active in the early 20th century, engaged with various art styles, particularly Cubism and Suprematism. Participated in exhibitions including the iconic 1915 'Donkey's Tail' exhibition. Held teaching positions at the Vkhutemas institute, focusing on modern art education. Created significant works that emphasized geometry, color, and abstraction, influencing future generations of artists.
Continue ReadingStafford Cripps
An English politician served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1947 to 1950. Played a significant role in post-World War II economic policy and fiscal reform. Formerly a member of Parliament, contributed to the Labour Party and was instrumental in the establishment of the National Health Service. Cripps also worked on international economic relations during his career.
Continue ReadingAnita Loos
An influential author, playwright, and screenwriter emerged in the early 20th century. Loos gained prominence with the publication of the humorous novel 'Gentlemen Prefer Blondes' in 1925, which satirized the flapper culture of the era. The book achieved notable success, leading to adaptations in both stage and film formats, further cementing its cultural significance. Besides her literary contributions, work as a screenwriter for major Hollywood studios included collaborations on several successful films, enhancing her reputation in the entertainment industry. Loos was a prominent figure in the world of American literature and film, known for her wit and sharp commentary on society.
Continue ReadingLudwig Wittgenstein
Born in 1889, a philosopher and academic contributed significantly to the philosophy of language and the philosophy of mind. Authored 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus', a major work that outlines a theory of meaning based on logical structure. Later, worked on 'Philosophical Investigations', which challenged conventional views on meaning and language. Engaged with topics such as the nature of certainty, rule-following, and linguistic practices, influencing various fields including philosophy, linguistics, and cognitive science.
Continue ReadingAntónio de Oliveira Salazar
Served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. Oversaw the establishment of the Estado Novo regime, characterized by authoritarian rule and centralization of power. Implemented economic policies that stabilized the Portuguese economy during the interwar period, focusing on state control and corporatism. Managed and maintained colonial possessions in Africa, including Angola and Mozambique, amid rising decolonization movements. Resigned from office due to health issues in 1968 and was succeeded by Marcelo Caetano.
Continue ReadingKi Hajar Dewantara
An influential figure in Indonesian education, played a crucial role in the development of the national education system. Founded the Taman Siswa school system in 1922, which promoted cultural independence and national pride. Advocated for educational reforms during the Dutch colonial period, emphasizing the importance of education in fostering national identity. Involved in the movement for Indonesian independence and served as the first Minister of Education, Teaching, and Culture in the post-independence government.
Continue ReadingGottfried Fuchs
Played soccer for the German national team and later represented Canada in international competitions. Competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics and contributed to the team securing a silver medal. Transitioned to a successful career in Canadian soccer post-competition, influencing the sport within the country.
Continue ReadingBeulah Bondi
An accomplished actress, celebrated for a career that spanned over five decades in film, television, and theater. Made significant contributions to the industry beginning in the 1920s, frequently collaborating with prominent filmmakers. Recognized for roles in notable productions such as 'Make Way for Tomorrow' and 'It's a Wonderful Life', which showcased her ability to portray warm and caring maternal figures. Continued to work in various television series into the 1970s, demonstrating versatility and dedication to the craft.
Continue Reading