What Happened This Year 1934

People Who Died in 1934

Frank Nelson Doubleday

American publisher and founder of Doubleday
Born
January 8th, 1862 163 years ago
Died
January 30th, 1934 91 years ago — 72 years old

A prominent American publisher, founded Doubleday Publishing Company in 1897, which became one of the most recognized publishing firms in the United States. Played a significant role in publishing numerous bestsellers, including works by writers such as Ernest Hemingway and Stephen King. Oversaw the launch of a variety of genres, helping to shape the literary landscape of the 20th century. Served as the president of the American Booksellers Association and held leadership roles in various industry organizations.

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Siegbert Tarrasch

German chess player and theoretician
Born
March 5th, 1862 163 years ago
Died
February 17th, 1934 91 years ago — 71 years old

A prominent chess player and theoretician, contributed significantly to chess strategy and education. Established a reputation through competitive play in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Authored several influential chess books, which helped shape modern chess understanding. Played a vital role in popularizing chess during this era, fostering its growth as a competitive discipline.

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Albert I of Belgium

King of Belgium and World War I leader
Born
April 8th, 1875 149 years ago
Died
February 17th, 1934 91 years ago — 58 years old

Albert I served as the king of Belgium from 1909 until his death in 1934. His reign was marked by significant events, particularly during World War I, when Belgium was invaded by Germany in 1914. Albert I demonstrated strong leadership, mobilizing the Belgian army and maintaining resistance against German forces. After the war, he worked on rebuilding the war-torn nation and focused on promoting national unity. His commitment to reform and social justice during the interwar period earned him respect among the populace. Albert I died while climbing in the Ardennes mountains, leading to an outpouring of national mourning.

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Augusto César Sandino

Nicaraguan rebel leader and activist
Born
May 18th, 1895 129 years ago
Died
February 21st, 1934 91 years ago — 38 years old

A Nicaraguan rebel leader opposed U.S. military intervention in Nicaragua during the 1920s and 1930s. Founded the Sandinista National Liberation Front, which became a key political force in Nicaragua. Sandino's guerrilla warfare strategies inspired many leftist movements across Latin America. He emphasized national sovereignty and social justice. Assassinated in 1934, his legacy continued to influence Nicaraguan politics and revolutionary movements.

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Edward Elgar

Composer of orchestral and choral works
Born
June 2nd, 1857 167 years ago
Died
February 23rd, 1934 91 years ago — 76 years old

A prominent English composer, contributions include works that have become staples of the orchestral and choral repertoire. Significant compositions include the 'Enigma Variations', which showcases a theme with numerous variations, and the 'Pomp and Circumstance Marches', specifically the first march, which gained vast popularity and is often played at graduation ceremonies. Elgar also composed the 'Violin Concerto in B minor', noted for its depth and lyrical quality. Alongside composition, involvement in education as an academic strengthened the field of music.

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Elizabeth Gertrude Britton

American botanist and academic
Born
1857 168 years ago
Died
February 25th, 1934 91 years ago — 77 years old

A prominent botanist and academic, contributed significantly to the study of ferns and their classification. Held a position as a professor at Columbia University, where research focused on plant morphology and ecology. Co-founded the New York Botanical Garden and played an essential role in developing its fern collection. Published extensively on the flora of North America, including the influential 'The Ferns of North America'.

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John McGraw

Baseball manager with World Series titles
Born
April 7th, 1873 151 years ago
Died
February 25th, 1934 91 years ago — 60 years old

A prominent baseball player and manager, contributed significantly to the sport in the early 20th century. Managed the New York Giants for over 30 years, leading the team to three World Series championships. Played as a third baseman for the Baltimore Orioles before transitioning to a managerial role. Under his guidance, the Giants became a dominant force in Major League Baseball, known for aggressive play and strategic acumen.

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Reşit Galip

Turkish Minister of National Education
Born
1893 132 years ago
Died
March 5th, 1934 91 years ago — 41 years old

Served as the 6th Turkish Minister of National Education. Contributed to the reform of the Turkish educational system during the early republican period. Advocated for the establishment of modern educational institutions. Worked to promote the use of the Turkish language and cultural education across the nation.

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Ernst Enno

Estonian poet and author recognized for lyric poetry
Born
1875 150 years ago
Died
March 7th, 1934 91 years ago — 59 years old

This individual contributed significantly to Estonian literature during the early 20th century. Focused on lyrical poetry, works often explored themes of nature, love, and existential contemplation. Emphasized the distinctiveness of the Estonian language and styles through personal and national identity. Published several collections that showcased a unique voice, reflecting both cultural and emotional experiences. Engaged with literary communities and participated in the broader cultural discussions of the time.

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