What Happened This Year 1938
Historical Events from This Year 1938 (View all 50)
Rudolf Caracciola Breaks World Land Speed Record
Rudolf Caracciola achieved a remarkable feat in automotive history by breaking the world land speed record on a public road in his Mercedes-Benz W125 Rekordwagen. Racing down the autobahn near Berlin, he reached a staggering speed of 432.7 kilometers per hour (268.9 mph). This landmark achievement not only showcased the engineering prowess of Mercedes-Benz but also highlighted the intense competition in early motorsport. Caracciola's triumph established him as one of the era's leading drivers.
Continue ReadingHitler Becomes Head of Armed Forces High Command
Adolf Hitler appointed himself as the head of the Armed Forces High Command (OKW) in February 1938, consolidating military authority and control. This decision showcased his growing ambition and desire for direct influence over military strategy as tensions in Europe escalated. Hitler's move aimed to unify command and streamline military operations, reflecting his increasing distrust of military leaders. The decision resulted in significant changes within the military structure, impacting Germany's subsequent military actions and strategies leading up to World War II.
Continue ReadingFirst Ever Science Fiction TV Programme
BBC Television produced the world's first science fiction television program by adapting a segment of Karel Čapek's play R.U.R., which introduced the term 'robot'. This groundbreaking production marked a significant moment in entertainment history and the evolution of science fiction as a genre on television. The adaptation showcased how theatre could transition into new mediums, capturing the imagination of viewers and setting the stage for future sci-fi programming.
Continue ReadingNanking Safety Zone Renamed amid Crisis
The Nanking Safety Zone International Committee was renamed the Nanking International Rescue Committee amidst the deteriorating conditions for refugees during the Nanking Massacre. This rebranding took place as the safety zone, initially set up to protect civilians, began to collapse under the pressures of violence and chaos, revealing the challenges faced by the international community in safeguarding such locations during conflict.
Continue ReadingOil Discovery Transforms Saudi Arabia's Economy
In 1938, the first significant oil reserves were discovered in Saudi Arabia near the town of Dhahran. Geologists from the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC) were conducting exploratory drilling and struck oil at the Dammam No. 7 well. This discovery marked the beginning of Saudi Arabia's transformation into a major player in the global oil market. The find led to increased foreign investment and set in motion a series of developments that would make the nation one of the world's leading oil producers.
Continue ReadingGerman Troops Occupy and Annex Austria
German troops crossed into Austria, marking the Anschluss, a unification driven by nationalist sentiments under Adolf Hitler. Anti-Anschluss sentiments in Austria and international reactions were minimal. The event was quickly followed by the establishment of Nazi control over the country, which included the disbandment of Austrian political parties and the integration of Austrian military into Germany. This move sparked various responses globally, primarily in Britain and France.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1938 (View all 602)
Frank Langella
A prominent figure in American theater and film, this actor gained recognition for performances in various productions. Achievements include receiving Tony Awards for roles in both 'Seascape' and 'Frost/Nixon'. In film, appearances include acclaimed movies such as 'The Father', 'The Ninth Gate', and 'Dave'. Expertise in portraying complex characters has earned acclaim from audiences and critics alike.
Continue ReadingLynn Conway
A significant figure in the development of computer technology, contributions included advancing techniques in microelectronics as well as the design of dynamic circuitry. Work at IBM focused on the implementation of advanced semiconductor technology. Later, served as a professor at the University of Michigan, influencing the education of future engineers. Advocacy for transgender rights and visibility led to broader discussions on gender identity within the scientific community.
Continue ReadingRobert Smithson
This individual was an American sculptor and photographer associated with the land art movement. Born in 1938, significant works include the iconic Spiral Jetty, constructed in 1970 on the northeastern shore of the Great Salt Lake in Utah. Spiral Jetty is a 1,500-foot-long coil made of earth, rocks, and salt crystals, illustrating the synergy between art and nature. In addition to large-scale installations, this individual also produced a substantial body of photography and writings that explored the concepts of time and space within the context of landscape. The artist's innovative approach has influenced subsequent generations of artists and has been a pivotal part of discussions regarding environmental art.
Continue ReadingDavid Bailey
Bailey gained prominence in the 1960s as a fashion photographer capturing striking images that defined the era. His work appeared in magazines such as Vogue, where he photographed notable models and celebrities. In addition to photography, he pursued painting and film, contributing to artistic expression through various mediums. His style influenced visual culture significantly during his career, and he remains associated with the Swinging London movement.
Continue ReadingRobin Butler
An academic and politician held various important positions throughout a notable career. Served as the Master of University College, Oxford, fostering academic excellence and growth within the institution. Played a significant role in public service as the Clerk of the Parliaments and served as a member of the House of Lords. Contributed to numerous important discussions surrounding British governance and policy-making.
Continue ReadingK. Ganeshalingam
An accountant by profession, served as the Mayor of Colombo and held significant influence in the local political landscape. Engaged in various administrative functions, focused on urban development and community services during tenure. Facilitated initiatives aimed at improving infrastructure and public facilities in the city. Also contributed to the growth of local governance and representation within Colombo.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1938 (View all 143)
Johnny Gruelle
An author and illustrator, contributed significantly to children's literature through the creation of Raggedy Ann. Published the first Raggedy Ann book in 1918, which introduced the beloved character to audiences. Established a series of stories featuring Raggedy Ann and her friends, appealing to the imagination of young readers. Worked as an illustrator for various publications and continued to create several Raggedy Ann books until death in 1938.
Continue ReadingOscar Florianus Bluemner
A German-American painter and illustrator, this individual contributed significantly to the development of modern color theory within the visual arts. Arriving in the United States in the early 20th century, this artist created a body of work characterized by vibrant colors and abstract forms. The artist's work combined elements of landscape and abstraction, demonstrating a unique approach to light and color. Most notably, incorporation of German expressionism influenced many of the paintings created during this period. The individual exhibited frequently and gained recognition among contemporary art circles.
Continue ReadingJaakko Mäki
Born in 1878, this individual became a significant figure in Finnish politics during the early 20th century. Participated actively in the Finnish Parliament, representing the interests of the working class. Contributed to the development of social policies and labor rights during a transformative period in Finnish history. Engaged in various political reforms aimed at improving the quality of life for citizens. Held a prominent role in shaping the social democratic movement in Finland.
Continue ReadingSarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
A prominent Bengali novelist, this individual wrote extensively about social issues and human emotions. Born in 1876, the writer produced a significant body of work that depicted the struggles and aspirations of common people. Some of the most notable novels include 'Devdas', which explores the themes of unrequited love and societal constraints, and 'Parineeta', which focuses on love and social norms in Indian society. The legacy includes a portrayal of the rural Bengal landscape and critical commentaries on the social practices of the time, influencing generations of readers and writers.
Continue ReadingBranislav Nušić
An influential Serbian author, playwright, and journalist, contributed significantly to Belgrade's cultural life in the early 20th century. Worked as a member of the Serbian government and published numerous works reflecting societal themes through satire and humor. His most significant contributions to literature include plays that critiqued social issues, focusing on the absurdities of life and politics. Additionally, engaged in journalism, promoting cultural criticism and public discourse.
Continue ReadingGeorges Méliès
A pioneering figure in filmmaking, primarily recognized for creating the first narrative films and introducing special effects. Established the use of multiple scenes in a single shot and storytelling in cinema. Directed and starred in over 500 films, with a significant impact on the art form during the early 20th century. The film 'A Trip to the Moon' (1902) showcased innovative techniques and visual storytelling that influenced future filmmakers. Founded the Star Film Company, which produced many of the earliest fantasy films, helping to define the genre and artistic possibilities of cinema.
Continue Reading