What Happened This Year 1938
Historical Events from This Year 1938
Rudolf Caracciola Breaks World Land Speed Record
Rudolf Caracciola achieved a remarkable feat in automotive history by breaking the world land speed record on a public road in his Mercedes-Benz W125 Rekordwagen. Racing down the autobahn near Berlin, he reached a staggering speed of 432.7 kilometers per hour (268.9 mph). This landmark achievement not only showcased the engineering prowess of Mercedes-Benz but also highlighted the intense competition in early motorsport. Caracciola's triumph established him as one of the era's leading drivers.
Continue ReadingHitler Becomes Head of Armed Forces High Command
Adolf Hitler appointed himself as the head of the Armed Forces High Command (OKW) in February 1938, consolidating military authority and control. This decision showcased his growing ambition and desire for direct influence over military strategy as tensions in Europe escalated. Hitler's move aimed to unify command and streamline military operations, reflecting his increasing distrust of military leaders. The decision resulted in significant changes within the military structure, impacting Germany's subsequent military actions and strategies leading up to World War II.
Continue ReadingFirst Ever Science Fiction TV Programme
BBC Television produced the world's first science fiction television program by adapting a segment of Karel Čapek's play R.U.R., which introduced the term 'robot'. This groundbreaking production marked a significant moment in entertainment history and the evolution of science fiction as a genre on television. The adaptation showcased how theatre could transition into new mediums, capturing the imagination of viewers and setting the stage for future sci-fi programming.
Continue ReadingNanking Safety Zone Renamed amid Crisis
The Nanking Safety Zone International Committee was renamed the Nanking International Rescue Committee amidst the deteriorating conditions for refugees during the Nanking Massacre. This rebranding took place as the safety zone, initially set up to protect civilians, began to collapse under the pressures of violence and chaos, revealing the challenges faced by the international community in safeguarding such locations during conflict.
Continue ReadingOil Discovery Transforms Saudi Arabia's Economy
In 1938, the first significant oil reserves were discovered in Saudi Arabia near the town of Dhahran. Geologists from the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC) were conducting exploratory drilling and struck oil at the Dammam No. 7 well. This discovery marked the beginning of Saudi Arabia's transformation into a major player in the global oil market. The find led to increased foreign investment and set in motion a series of developments that would make the nation one of the world's leading oil producers.
Continue ReadingGerman Troops Occupy and Annex Austria
German troops crossed into Austria, marking the Anschluss, a unification driven by nationalist sentiments under Adolf Hitler. Anti-Anschluss sentiments in Austria and international reactions were minimal. The event was quickly followed by the establishment of Nazi control over the country, which included the disbandment of Austrian political parties and the integration of Austrian military into Germany. This move sparked various responses globally, primarily in Britain and France.
Continue ReadingCreation of Pemex through Oil Expropriation
Mexico nationalized foreign oil properties on March 18, 1938, aiming to assert control over its resources. President Lázaro Cárdenas implemented this decision to secure economic independence and provide for the local economy, leading to the establishment of Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex). This act was driven by decades of foreign exploitation in the oil sector, which prompted a demand for national sovereignty.
Continue ReadingBattle of Taierzhuang Marks Chinese Victory
The Battle of Taierzhuang commenced with fierce fighting between Chinese and Japanese forces in March 1938, aiming to reclaim territory in the ongoing Second Sino-Japanese War. Chinese troops, under General Li Zongren, fortified the city of Taierzhuang, strategically located along the Grand Canal in Shandong Province. This battle not only aimed to resist Japanese advances but also to boost morale among Chinese forces, which had faced numerous setbacks. Despite being outmatched, the tenacity of Chinese soldiers in this engagement would lead to a significant victory over their Japanese counterparts, setting a precedent for future confrontations in the war.
Continue ReadingAbolition of the Generalitat by Franco
Francisco Franco issued a decree that abolished the Generalitat of Catalonia, the autonomous government that had been established under the Second Spanish Republic. This decree came shortly after the Nationalist forces captured Lleida, a significant city in Catalonia. The decision marked a substantial shift in the political landscape of Spain, targeting the self-governance and the previously official status of the Catalan language. This maneuver exemplified the centralizing policies of Franco's regime.
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