People Who Died in 1683
Anthony Ashley Cooper
Served as a prominent English politician and was a leading figure during the Restoration period. Became the first Earl of Shaftesbury, playing a pivotal role in the development of the Whig party. Held the position of Chancellor of the Exchequer, where oversaw economic policies and financial management of the kingdom. Advocated for religious tolerance and civil liberties, contributing to early political thought.
Continue ReadingNicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem
A significant figure in Dutch painting, contributed to the genre of pastoral landscapes. Influenced by Italian artists, established a style characterized by idyllic rural scenes involving peasants, animals, and classical ruins. Active during the Dutch Golden Age, worked alongside notable figures such as Claude Lorrain. His artworks captured the essence of pastoral life with a harmonious blend of nature and human activity, demonstrating a keen interest in landscapes.
Continue ReadingThomas Killigrew
A prominent figure in 17th-century English theatre, contributed significantly to the development of Restoration drama. Established one of the first London theatres after the English Civil War, the King's Company, which became a leading venue for plays. Wrote numerous plays, including comedies and tragedies, that reflected the tastes of the era. His works helped shape the landscape of English theatre during his time.
Continue ReadingStjepan Gradić
Contributed to philosophy and mathematics in the 17th century. Emphasized the importance of Aristotelian thought and was involved in educational reform in Croatia. Authored several works that delved into metaphysics and logic, influencing the academic landscape of his time. Promoted rational inquiry and the study of natural sciences, fostering a greater understanding of mathematics in Croatian education.
Continue ReadingFrançois Eudes de Mézeray
Contributed significantly to historical writing in France during the 17th century. Authored 'Histoire de France', a comprehensive chronicle detailing French history from its origins to the time of publication. Served as a historiographer to the King, advising on matters related to history and its interpretation. This work combined narrative history with critical examination of sources, influencing future historians and their approach to French history.
Continue ReadingArthur Capell
An English peer and courtier who served in the royal court during the 17th century. Held the title of 1st Baron Capell of Hadham after his elevation to the peerage in 1641. Played a significant role in the political landscape leading up to and during the English Civil War, aligning with the Royalist cause. Engaged in various military campaigns to support King Charles I, ultimately being captured during the conflict. Conducted negotiations and maintained communications among royalist factions throughout his political endeavors.
Continue ReadingMaria Theresa of Spain
From 1660 to 1683, served as Queen Consort of France through marriage to Louis XIV. As a member of the Habsburg dynasty, played a significant diplomatic role in European politics. Her marriage was pivotal in strengthening the ties between Spain and France, marking her as an important figure in the dynastic alliances of that era. Died in 1683, leaving a legacy tied to the Bourbon monarchy.
Continue ReadingJean-Baptiste Colbert
An influential figure in 17th century France, served as the Controller-General of Finances. Implemented mercantilist policies to strengthen the French economy, promoted the establishment of new industries, and enhanced the country's trade networks. Championed infrastructure improvements, including road construction and port development, which facilitated commerce. Colbert's financial reforms also included increased taxation on the upper classes to support public expenditure. His efforts laid the groundwork for modern economic practices in France.
Continue ReadingAfonso VI of Portugal
Ascended to the throne at a young age, ruling from 1656 to 1683. His reign was marked by territorial conflicts, particularly with Spain and ongoing wars in the Portuguese Empire. After health issues compromised governance, regency was established during his rule. His reign included participation in the Restoration War against Spain, striving for Portugal's independence following the Iberian Union. Additionally, political instability characterized Afonso VI's time as king. His eventual deposition led to the consolidation of power under his brother.
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