Born in 1718
Elizabeth Montagu
A prominent figure in the 18th century, contributed significantly to literature and criticism. Played a crucial role in the establishment of the Bluestocking Society, a group dedicated to the promotion of women's education and literary accomplishments. Authored several works, including 'An Essay on the Writings and Genius of Shakespeare'. Engaged in literary discussions with prominent intellectuals, fostering a cultural environment for women writers.
Continue ReadingVictor-François
Served as a prominent French general and politician in the late 18th century. Held the title of 2nd duc de Broglie. Appointed Secretary of State for War, overseeing military affairs during a turbulent period in France's history, which included the Revolutionary Wars. Contributed to the organization and strategy of the French military during his tenure. Influenced the direction of French military policy and operations, shaping the 1790s military landscape.
Continue ReadingFriedrich Wilhelm Marpurg
Born in 1718, this German composer and music theorist significantly contributed to the development of music criticism and theory during the 18th century. Marpurg published several important treatises, including 'Abhandlung von der Fugen' and 'Historisch-kritische Einleitung in die Musik'. His work combined theoretical analysis with practical guidance for composers and musicians. He also served as a music critic, engaging with the musical community and influencing the perception of contemporary compositions. In addition to writing, he composed works of music, significantly contributing to the Baroque musical tradition.
Continue ReadingNano Nagle
Established the Presentation Sisters to provide education to the impoverished in Ireland. Focused on improving the educational opportunities for girls and women in society during the 18th century. The first school opened in 1754 in Cork, leading to a network of schools across Ireland. Promoted a unique approach to education that combined religious teachings with academic learning.
Continue ReadingJean Joseph Marie Amiot
Amiot served as a missionary in China during the 18th century, focusing on establishing relations between France and China. He translated Chinese texts into French and contributed significantly to the understanding of Chinese culture and language in Europe. Amiot's works included religion, philosophy, and history, and he became proficient in the Chinese language. His efforts helped to bridge cultural gaps and disseminate knowledge about China to the West.
Continue ReadingÉlie Catherine Fréron
A prominent figure in 18th-century French literature, contributed significantly to literary criticism and the evolution of French literature. Founded the 'L'Année littéraire', which provided critical assessments of contemporary works and authors. Engaged in notable disputes with other literary figures, particularly with the philosopher Voltaire. Advocated for rigorous standards in literary evaluation and commentary, influencing future generations of critics and writers.
Continue ReadingNikita Ivanovich Panin
A prominent Polish-Russian politician, served as the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs during the 18th century. Played a crucial role in shaping Russian foreign policy, particularly in relations with Sweden and the Ottoman Empire. Advocated for the expansion of Russian influence in Europe and engaged in negotiations that contributed to territorial acquisitions. Instrumental in forming alliances that benefited Russian interests during a transformative period in European politics.
Continue ReadingMatthew Tilghman
A prominent political figure in Maryland during the American Revolution, this individual served as a delegate to the Continental Congress. Tilghman held the position of Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates, where significant legislative work took place. In addition to legislative roles, he was integral in the establishment of state governance and played a vital role in local military leadership. His contributions aided in shaping the political landscape of Maryland during a formative period in American history.
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