Born in 1819
Maria II
Ascended to the throne at a young age amidst political turmoil. Reigned twice, first from 1826 to 1828 and then from 1834 until death in 1853. Instrumental in the establishment of constitutional monarchy in Portugal. Advocated for reforms in education and healthcare during her reign. Oversaw the stabilization of the nation after a period of civil strife.
Continue ReadingConstant Fornerod
An influential figure in Swiss politics, served as the 10th President of the Swiss Council of States. Contributed to significant legislative discussions and reforms during a pivotal period in Swiss history. Engaged in various political initiatives and represented his region in the federal government.
Continue ReadingVikramatji Khimojiraj
Ruled the princely state of Dhar in India during the late 19th century, contributing to local governance and administration. Implemented various reforms that aimed at modernizing the region and improving the lives of his subjects. Last of the Khimojiraj dynasty, known for navigating the challenges posed by colonial pressures while managing the state. His reign ended with his death in 1900.
Continue ReadingChlodwig Carl Viktor
Served as the last chancellor of the German Empire from 1894 until 1900. Held the title of Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. Played a significant role in German politics during the late 19th century, focusing on domestic affairs and stability within the empire. Resigned from office in 1900, succeeded by Bernhard von Bülow. Contributed to the consolidation of policies that shaped the latter part of the empire's governance.
Continue ReadingCarl Sylvius Völkner
Served as a missionary and priest in New Zealand. Established a mission station at Opotiki. Engaged with local Maori communities and worked to promote the Christian faith. Contributed to the translation of biblical texts into the Maori language. Became involved in regional socio-political issues, leading to tensions with local tribes. Assassinated in 1865 amid conflicts between settlers and indigenous populations.
Continue ReadingAllan Pinkerton
A Scottish-American detective and spy, established the Pinkerton National Detective Agency in 1850. Played a significant role in intelligence gathering during the American Civil War, providing information to the Union Army. Contributed to the early formation of detective work and private security in the United States. Developed a reputation for conducting undercover operations and capturing criminals, and was instrumental in pursuing outlaws, including the McCarthy gang.
Continue ReadingBen Holladay
An American businessman established a prominent stagecoach line, known as Holladay Overland Stage Line, during the 19th century. This service connected various regions across the western United States, enhancing transportation and communication. Engaging in other ventures, he contributed to the development of key infrastructure, particularly in the transportation sector. His investments included railroads and various businesses that served the growing needs of the rapidly expanding nation.
Continue ReadingBáb
Established Bábism in the mid-19th century as a religious movement that introduced new spiritual teachings. Bábism emphasized the arrival of a new prophet and promoted the principles of unity and equality. The movement gained followers throughout Persia and influenced later religious developments. Faced opposition from both political and religious authorities, which resulted in the eventual execution, concluding a significant chapter in Persian religious history. The teachings of Báb inspired many and laid the groundwork for the Bahá'í Faith.
Continue ReadingEdwin Drake
An American businessman pioneered the oil industry by drilling the first successful oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania in 1859. This event marked the beginning of the modern petroleum industry. His drilling technique, which utilized a steam engine, allowed for the extraction of oil from deep underground, transforming energy production and fueling the growth of various industries. The oil obtained from the well was initially used for lighting and lubricating purposes, but it eventually sparked a vast commercial enterprise that expanded into gasoline and other petroleum products. Drake's efforts laid the groundwork for the development of oil fields across the United States and the world, establishing a significant economic sector.
Continue Reading