Born in 1822
Rudolf Clausius
A physicist and mathematician, made significant contributions to the formulation of the second law of thermodynamics. Introduced the concept of energy and entropy, establishing a foundation for modern thermodynamics. Developed the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, which describes phase transitions between states of matter.
Continue ReadingHeinrich Schliemann
Born in Germany, contributed significantly to archaeology through the excavation of ancient sites. Focused on the legendary city of Troy, Schliemann conducted excavations in the 1870s that uncovered significant artifacts. His work challenged prevailing views of the historical accuracy of Homer's epics. Published multiple works detailing archaeological findings and supported the authenticity of historical narratives. Additionally, contributed to the understanding of the Mycenaean civilization through excavations in Greece, particularly at Mycenae and Tiryns.
Continue ReadingCarol Benesch
An architect from Czech-Romania, contributed to the design of Peleș Castle, a notable example of Neo-Renaissance architecture located in the Carpathian Mountains. The castle construction began in 1873 and was completed in 1914, serving as a royal residence. Benesch's design integrated various architectural styles, blending functionality with aesthetic appeal.
Continue ReadingÉtienne Lenoir
A Belgian engineer contributed significantly to automotive engineering by designing one of the first internal combustion engines. This invention marked a crucial step in the development of modern vehicles. Lenoir's engine demonstrated the practical application of gas as a fuel source, leading to advances in machinery and transportation. The popularity of this engine facilitated its adoption in various applications, influencing subsequent engine designs and automotive technology.
Continue ReadingCharles Reed Bishop
A prominent banker and politician, established First Hawaiian Bank in 1858, which became crucial to the financial landscape of Hawaii. Served as a member of the Board of Commissioners of Crown Lands. Contributed to various civic and cultural initiatives, including the founding of Bishop Museum in Honolulu, which focused on preserving Hawaiian history and culture. Engaged in local politics and supported economic development in the territory.
Continue ReadingWilliam McDougall
A Canadian lawyer and politician served as the Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories. His political career included significant contributions to the governance and development of the Northwest Territories during a formative period in Canadian history. McDougall played a key role in the establishment of the territorial government and its relationship with the provinces. As a member of the Legislative Assembly, engaged in advocating for the interests of the region and its inhabitants, shaping policies that would guide the growth and administration of the area. His tenure was marked by efforts to address the challenges facing settlers and Indigenous communities alike, influenced the legal and political landscape of Northern Canada.
Continue ReadingAlexander Mackenzie
A politician served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Canada from 1873 to 1878. He was a member of the Liberal Party and led the government during a period of economic difficulty. Mackenzie focused on national governance and infrastructure development. Significant contributions included the establishment of the Supreme Court of Canada and the implementation of a national policy that emphasized the building of transcontinental railways. His administration emphasized transparency and integrity in public office, marking a departure from previous political practices.
Continue ReadingFranz Ritter von Hauer
Contributed significantly to the field of geology, particularly in the study of the Alpine region. Worked as a curator at the Geological Institute in Vienna, helping to develop the institution's collections and educational resources. Investigated various geological formations and participated in geological surveys, providing essential insights for the advancement of the discipline.
Continue ReadingMaxime Du Camp
A French photographer and journalist played a significant role in the documentation of Egypt during the mid-19th century. He traveled extensively in the country, capturing its landscapes, architecture, and daily life through photography. Du Camp collaborated with the renowned novelist Gustave Flaubert, producing works that combined literary and visual elements. His photography was among the first to depict Egyptian antiquities and modern life, contributing to a greater understanding of the region's cultural heritage. Du Camp's efforts in blending journalism with photography set a precedent for future documentary practices.
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