Born in 1845
Albert Victor Bäcklund
Contributed significantly to the fields of mathematics and physics. Developed Bäcklund transformations, which are methods used to generate new solutions from known ones in differential equations. Worked on the theory of surfaces in differential geometry, influencing future studies in the field. Engaged in research related to the theory of functions and contributed to the geometrical interpretation of equations.
Continue ReadingFélix Tisserand
Contributed significantly to the field of astronomy, particularly in celestial mechanics. Developed methods for calculating orbits of celestial bodies, which were instrumental in improving the understanding of the solar system. Held academic positions and was recognized for advancing astronomical research and education. Published a series of important works, impacting subsequent studies in astronomy.
Continue ReadingHenry Petty-Fitzmaurice
Served as a prominent British politician and held the title of 5th Marquess of Lansdowne. Played a significant role in British colonial governance, particularly during the later years of the 19th century. Appointed as the 34th Governor-General of India from 1888 to 1894, implemented various reforms in administration and legislation. Focused on education, land revenue systems, and infrastructure development. Engaged in diplomatic efforts to strengthen British relations with Indian states.
Continue ReadingHarriet Backer
Born in Norway, this painter was active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Primarily associated with the Naturalism movement, her works often depicted landscapes and intimate domestic scenes, characterized by a unique use of light and color. Influenced by her surroundings and personal experiences, she explored themes of solitude and nature. Her most notable painting, 'Winter in the Mountains', exemplifies her mastery of the landscape genre. The artist exhibited in numerous exhibitions throughout her career and gained recognition in both Norwegian and European art circles.
Continue ReadingIsidor Straus
Born in 1845, a German-American businessman and politician, he co-owned Macy's department store and was a prominent figure in the retail industry. Elected to the United States Congress in 1893, he served as a Democratic representative for New York's 15th congressional district. His advocacy efforts focused on labor rights and education. He also played a significant role in philanthropic activities. Tragically, he perished in the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912 while traveling with his wife, Ida. His final moments exemplified devotion, as he insisted on remaining with her.
Continue ReadingAhmet Tevfik Pasha
Served as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire during a significant transition period in the early 20th century. Played a key role in efforts to modernize the military and administrative structures of the Empire. Held the office during World War I and faced challenges associated with the Empire's declining power. Engaged in diplomatic efforts to navigate the complexities of wartime alliances and internal strife.
Continue ReadingElihu Root
A prominent lawyer and politician, served as the 38th United States Secretary of State from 1905 to 1909. Played a crucial role in negotiating the end of the Russo-Japanese War, which earned a Nobel Peace Prize in 1912. Contributed to the establishment of the International Court of Justice and advocated for international arbitration. Served as Senator from New York and held various government positions, including Secretary of War.
Continue ReadingGeorge Kennan
An influential figure in American journalism and exploration, achieved prominence through writings on Russian geography and politics. Conducted a significant journey through Siberia, documenting the culture and customs of the region. Involved in various diplomatic missions and authored influential reports that shaped U.S. foreign policy towards Russia. Kennan's publications provided detailed insights into the complex political landscape of Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Continue ReadingGeorge Reid
Born in Scotland, a migration to Australia took place in youth. Became a prominent lawyer and entered politics, eventually leading the Liberal Party. Served as the 4th Prime Minister of Australia from 1904 to 1905. Advocated for various reforms during the early 20th century and played a significant role in the establishment of the Commonwealth government.
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