What Happened This Year 1865

Born in 1865

William Merriam Burton

American chemist known for cracking process
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
December 29th, 1954 70 years ago — 89 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of chemistry with the invention of the Burton process, a method for refining crude oil into gasoline. This method allowed for more efficient conversion of petroleum into fuel, which became crucial during the 20th century. Conducted research that advanced petrochemical processes and supported the growth of the oil industry. Work led to improvements in fuel quality and production techniques.

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Béla Jankovich

Hungarian economist and Minister of Education
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
August 5th, 1939 85 years ago — 74 years old

An economist and politician held the position of Minister of Education in Hungary. This role involved overseeing educational policies and reforms during a significant period in Hungarian history. Contributions to the educational system shaped the curriculum and administration of schools. Engaged in various political discussions regarding the direction of education and its impact on society.

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Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao

Indian author and educator
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
January 1st, 1940 85 years ago — 75 years old

An influential Indian author and educator, produced significant literary works in Telugu. Contributed to the educational advancement and cultural preservation of Telugu literature. Acted as a principal in educational institutions and emphasized the importance of language and literature in society. Engaged in various literary and social activities, promoting the use of Telugu in education.

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Lucjan Żeligowski

General and politician in Poland-Lithuania
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
July 9th, 1947 77 years ago — 82 years old

Served as a general in the Polish-Lithuanian Army and became a key political figure during the interwar period. Played a significant role in the Polish-Soviet War and led the mutiny in 1920, which resulted in the establishment of the Smodifiable autonomous region. Actively participated in various political arenas, contributing to the governance of the Second Polish Republic before World War II. Engaged in military and political activities until the end of his life.

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Evangeline Booth

4th General of The Salvation Army
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
July 17th, 1950 74 years ago — 85 years old

Served as the 4th General of The Salvation Army from 1934 to 1939. Played a significant role in expanding the organization's outreach and services during her tenure. Worked diligently to improve the living conditions of the poor and marginalized through various programs. Prior to becoming General, held numerous positions within The Salvation Army, including leader of the organization in the United States. Focused on social issues and advocated for the rights of disadvantaged groups.

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Said Halim Pasha

Ottoman politician, Grand Vizier
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
December 6th, 1921 103 years ago — 56 years old

Served as the 280th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1913 to 1917. Played a significant role during World War I, overseeing political and military strategies. Advocated for reform within the Ottoman government, including modernization efforts. Engaged in diplomatic relations with various countries during a tumultuous period for the empire.

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Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer

Polish author and playwright
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
January 18th, 1940 85 years ago — 75 years old

An author, poet, and playwright, this individual contributed significantly to Polish literature in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His works often explored themes of nature, love, and the struggles of the human condition. Active during a time of great cultural change in Poland, he was associated with the Young Poland movement. Many of his poems and plays reflect a deep emotional intensity and a connection to the Polish landscape and identity. His literary career included numerous publications that resonated with contemporary audiences, showcasing the intricacies of human emotions and the beauty of nature.

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Dmitry Merezhkovsky

Russian author and philosopher
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
December 9th, 1941 83 years ago — 76 years old

An influential Russian author, poet, and philosopher, contributed significantly to Russian literature in the early 20th century. Explored themes of spirituality, love, and the tension between materialism and idealism. Worked extensively in literary criticism and contributed to the Symbolist movement. Authored several notable works, including 'The Resurrection of the Gods' and 'Andrei Bely: A Study of his Works'. His writings reflected the complexity of pre-revolutionary Russian society and questioned the meaning of existence.

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Margaret Murray Washington

American Academic and Author
Born
1865 160 years ago
Died
June 4th, 1925 99 years ago — 60 years old

This individual served as an educator and social activist. Significant contributions were made in the field of education, particularly for African Americans. Served as the first principal of the Tuskegee Institute's Normal School for Teachers, which was integral in training teachers for black schools. Published works on the history and culture of black Americans, contributing to the literature on African American education and empowerment. Engaged in various reform movements, focusing on improving educational opportunities for underprivileged communities.

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