What Happened This Year 1891
Born in 1891
Earl Warren
Born in 1891, served as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969. Oversaw landmark decisions in civil rights and civil liberties. Previously held the position of Governor of California and was involved in significant legal reforms and policies during his tenure. Led the Supreme Court during a time of substantial social change in America, contributing to the establishment of important judicial precedents.
Continue ReadingSergey Ivanovich Vavilov
A prominent physicist and academic, contributed significantly to the field of optics and photometry. Served as the director of the Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Played a crucial role in the establishment of scientific institutions in the Soviet Union. Participated in the Soviet Academy of Sciences and promoted research in various scientific disciplines.
Continue ReadingKlawdziy Duzh-Dushewski
A Belarusian-Lithuanian architect, journalist, and diplomat, contributed significantly to national identity through architecture and design. Designed the Flag of Belarus, symbolizing the aspirations of the Belarusian people. Held various diplomatic positions, promoting Lithuanian and Belarusian interests in international forums. Engaged in journalism, providing insight into the socio-political landscape of Eastern Europe during the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingLajos Zilahy
A notable Hungarian novelist and playwright, produced works that explored themes of love, war, and humanity. Wrote several acclaimed novels and plays, contributing significantly to Hungarian literature. His writing often reflected the socio-political climate of his time, particularly during the tumultuous years surrounding the two World Wars.
Continue ReadingYvan Goll
Born in 1891, this individual became a notable poet and playwright, contributing significantly to the avant-garde movement in early 20th-century literature. Active in both France and Germany, created works that often explored themes of identity and existence. His notable plays include 'The New Moon' and contributions to the literary journal 'Action'. Engaged with Expressionism, influenced contemporaries through dynamic verse and innovative theatrical forms.
Continue ReadingChunseong
Born in 1891, this Korean monk contributed extensively to philosophy and literature. His writings focused on Buddhist principles and contemporary issues within Korean society. Through engaging essays and discourses, he addressed the harmony between tradition and modernity, emphasizing spiritual development and social responsibility. His influence extended beyond the monastic community, impacting intellectual circles and encouraging dialogue on ethics and morality. His legacy includes fostering a deeper understanding of Buddhist thought in the context of a rapidly changing world.
Continue ReadingVictor Varconi
Born in Hungary, this actor and director migrated to the United States and became active in the film industry. He appeared in silent films and transitioned to talkies, showcasing versatility across different genres. Key performances took place in works such as 'The House of Darkness' and 'The Last of Mrs. Cheyney'. Additionally, involvement in stage productions demonstrated a commitment to the performing arts.
Continue ReadingTristão de Bragança Cunha
Born in Goa, this individual was a prominent nationalist and anti-colonial activist. Engaged in the struggle for India's independence, he played a significant role in advocating for Goa's liberation from Portuguese rule. As a member of the Indian National Congress, he worked tirelessly to promote the cause of self-determination and civil rights for Goans. His activism extended to publishing articles and engaging in political discourse that aimed to awaken national consciousness among the people of Goa. The individual also contributed to cultural movements that fostered a sense of identity among the Goan population. His efforts in the fight for independence were integral in laying the groundwork for future resistance against colonial powers in the region.
Continue ReadingMax Ernst
Born in Germany in 1891, this artist played a crucial role in the development of surrealism. He experimented with techniques such as frottage and grattage, which showcased his innovative approach to texture and form. His works reflect a fascination with dreams, unconscious imagery, and the interplay between reality and fantasy. The 1921 painting, 'The Elephant Celebes', exemplified this style and became one of his signature pieces. Throughout his career, he engaged with various artistic movements, contributing significantly to modern art. Ernst also produced sculptures and collaborated with other notable artists. He spent portions of his life in France and the United States, where his influence persisted until his death in 1976.
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