What Happened This Year 1891
Born in 1891
Wilder Penfield
An American-Canadian neurosurgeon and academic, significant contributions included pioneering techniques in brain surgery. Developed the Montreal Procedure, a groundbreaking technique for treating epilepsy through localized brain tissue removal. Conducted extensive research on brain functions, creating detailed maps that linked specific brain areas to functions and sensations, benefitting both surgical practice and neuroscience. Served as a professor at McGill University and directed the Montreal Neurological Institute, fostering advancements in neurosurgery and education.
Continue ReadingFrank Costello
Born in 1891, this individual became a prominent figure in organized crime during the mid-20th century. Often referred to as the 'Prime Minister of the Underworld,' he played a significant role in the Genovese crime family. Involved in various illicit activities, including racketeering, gambling, and bootlegging, he exerted considerable influence over political figures and law enforcement. His operations extended across New York City, where he established connections with various political figures. This individual survived multiple assassination attempts but was ultimately convicted of tax evasion, leading to his eventual decline in power. He passed away in 1973, leaving a complex legacy intertwined with American organized crime.
Continue ReadingM. A. Ayyangar
Served as a lawyer and prominent politician in India. Played a vital role in the legislative process as the second Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1962 to 1967. Contributed to the formulation of various policies and laws during a significant period in Indian history. Actively participated in the Indian independence movement and served in various capacities within the Indian National Congress.
Continue ReadingRenato Petronio
Competed in rowing events representing Italy. Achieved significant success at the 1920 Summer Olympics, where won a bronze medal in the men's coxless pair event. Participated in various national and international competitions, contributing to the Italian rowing scene during the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingPietro Nenni
Served as a significant figure in Italian politics, advocating for socialist policies. Held the position of Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, shaping Italy's foreign policy during a crucial period. Contributed extensively to journalism, providing commentary on social and political issues of the time. Engaged with various political movements and was influential in establishing Italy's post-war political landscape.
Continue ReadingRonald Colman
Born in England, pursued a career in acting, moving to the United States in the 1910s. Achieved prominence in Hollywood during the 1920s and 1930s, starring in silent films and later transitioning to talkies. Gained acclaim for performances in classic films including 'A Tale of Two Cities', 'The Prisoner of Zenda', and 'Random Harvest'. Won an Academy Award for Best Actor for 'A Double Life' in 1948, solidifying a legacy in film history.
Continue ReadingGrant Wood
An American painter and academic played a significant role in the development of Regionalism, a movement that focused on depicting rural American life. The most recognized artwork is the iconic painting 'American Gothic', which features a farmer and his daughter in front of a Gothic-style house. Wood’s work often reflected themes of American identity and Midwestern values. In addition to painting, he taught at the University of Iowa, influencing many younger artists. His artistic contributions established a distinctive American aesthetic during the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingKate Roberts
A prominent author and activist from Wales. Wrote extensively in both Welsh and English, focusing on themes relating to social issues and the Welsh identity. Contributed significantly to the field of literature, particularly in the early to mid-20th century. Engaged in various activist efforts, particularly concerning the rights and representation of the Welsh language. Received several accolades for literary work, influencing future generations of writers.
Continue ReadingKatherine Stinson
An American aviator, Stinson became a prominent figure in early aviation, achieving several significant milestones. In 1912, she was the first woman to fly a loop. Her contributions included performing aerial stunts and participating in air shows across the United States. Stinson also established a flight school in 1915, contributing to the training of aviators. Throughout her career, she set records and gained recognition as one of the pioneering women in aviation during a time when it was predominantly a male-dominated field.
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