What Happened This Year 1913

Born in 1913

František Jílek

Czech conductor and composer
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
September 16th, 1993 31 years ago — 80 years old

A prominent conductor and composer, this individual significantly contributed to the classical music scene in the 20th century. An influential figure in Czech music, he held the position of conductor at the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and other esteemed orchestras. The individual's interpretations of Czech composers, particularly Dvořák and Janáček, are highly regarded.

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Les Bury

Public servant and Foreign Affairs Minister
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
September 7th, 1986 38 years ago — 73 years old

Served as a public servant and politician in Australia. Held the position of 26th Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1972 to 1975. Played a significant role in shaping Australia's foreign policy during a transformative period in international relations. Promoted the importance of diplomacy and international cooperation. Contributed to Australia’s relations with key global players and focused on regional issues.

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Klaus Barbie

German SS captain, 'Butcher of Lyon'
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
September 25th, 1991 33 years ago — 78 years old

Served as an SS captain during World War II, overseeing the Nazi regime's operations in Lyon, France. Engaged in the arrest and deportation of numerous individuals, including members of the French Resistance and Jewish citizens. After the war, fled to South America and lived in Bolivia under various aliases. Ultimately captured, he was extradited to France, where he faced trial for crimes against humanity.

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Eiji Toyoda

Japanese businessman and automotive innovator
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
September 17th, 2013 11 years ago — 100 years old

A prominent figure in the automotive industry, contributed to the development of the Toyota Production System. Helped transform Toyota into one of the largest automobile manufacturers in the world. Focused on improving production efficiency and quality control, leading the company to incorporate lean manufacturing practices. Played a pivotal role in expanding Toyota's global presence during the latter half of the 20th century.

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Roger Garaudy

French philosopher and author of essays
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
June 13th, 2012 13 years ago — 99 years old

A major philosophical figure in France, contributed to various fields including philosophy, Marxism, and environmentalism. Authored influential works that explored themes of spirituality, social justice, and critique of materialism. Advocated for ecumenism and interfaith dialogue, stressing the importance of solidarity among different cultures. His views evolved over the decades, leading to public debates and controversies regarding his positions on European identity and historical interpretations.

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W. Cleon Skousen

American author and political theorist
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
January 9th, 2006 19 years ago — 93 years old

An academic authored significant works on American government and history, with a focus on the Constitution. Developed an influential multi-volume work that detailed the history of the United States, including political philosophy and its founding principles. Contributed to the establishment of several educational institutions and courses dedicated to teaching constitutional principles. Worked as a law enforcement officer and a political commentator, advocating for individual liberties and conservative values. Engaged in numerous public speaking events and published extensively in conservative publications.

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Alfie Fripp

English soldier and pilot
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
January 3rd, 2013 12 years ago — 100 years old

Served as an English soldier during World War II and later became a distinguished test pilot. Participated in various military operations and proved instrumental in advancing aviation technology post-war. Contributed to the development of several aircraft, showcasing skills and expertise in piloting and engineering. Recognized for bravery and commitment to duty throughout military career. After service, continued involvement in aviation and testing aircraft for various manufacturers.

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Cecilia Muñoz-Palma

Filipino lawyer and jurist
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
January 2nd, 2006 19 years ago — 93 years old

A prominent lawyer and jurist in the Philippines, served as the first female Justice of the Supreme Court. Played a significant role in the Constitutional Commission that drafted the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Contributed to the advancement of women's rights and legal reforms in the country. Held various positions in government and non-government organizations, focusing on social justice and legal education.

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Elizabeth Janeway

Author and critic of American literature
Born
1913 112 years ago
Died
January 15th, 2005 20 years ago — 92 years old

An American author and literary critic, contributions spanned various genres, including novels, biographies, and essays. Works often examined themes of feminism and social justice. Notable novels include 'The Other Side of the Door' and 'The Walshes'. Also served as a critic for The New York Times and authored significant biographies of prominent figures such as Franklin D. Roosevelt. Engaged in literary circles and participated in discussions on contemporary literature throughout her career.

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