What Happened This Year 1919
People Who Died in 1919
Friedrich Sigmund Merkel
Contributed significantly to the fields of anatomy and histopathology with a focus on the study of sensory organs. Developed the Merkel cell, a mechanoreceptor important for touch sensitivity. Conducted extensive research on various tissues and organs, linking structure and function. Authored multiple scientific papers and reports that advanced the understanding of cell and tissue biology. Aside from the contributions to histology, also played a key role in teaching and mentoring future scientists in the discipline.
Continue ReadingRaymonde de Laroche
Born in 1882, a pioneering aviator in France gained recognition as the first woman to obtain a pilot's license in 1910. Her passion for aviation began when she attended a flying school. She trained under renowned aviators and rapidly progressed to flying solo. De Laroche participated in various competitions, showcasing her skills in the air. She also contributed to the advancement of aviation technology and encouraged women to pursue aviation as a career. Her achievements in a male-dominated field paved the way for future generations of female pilots.
Continue ReadingAnne Isabella Thackeray Ritchie
An English author, active in the 19th century, wrote several novels and essays. Specialization in social commentary and familial themes characterized her literary work. Contributions to the 'Cornhill Magazine' and 'Fraser's Magazine' highlighted her writing career. Recognized for her ability to blend personal experiences with broader societal observations in literature. Published works include the novel 'Mrs. Dymond', which explores the intricacies of personal relationships and societal expectations.
Continue ReadingAdelsteen Normann
Born in 1848, this individual became a significant figure in Norwegian art, particularly noted for landscapes that vividly depicted the Norwegian countryside. Studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen and traveled extensively in Europe, influencing the development of Norwegian landscape painting. His artwork received recognition for its emotional depth and representation of natural beauty. The painter's work included various exhibitions that showcased scenes from Norway's fjords and mountains.
Continue ReadingCaroline Still Anderson
Became the first African American woman to earn a medical degree in the United States from Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1883. Contributed to the establishment of the Philadelphia College of Medicine for Women, which provided access to medical education for women. Advocated for abolition and worked towards racial equality, promoting health education in African American communities.
Continue ReadingJacques Vaché
Born in 1895, this author and poet contributed significantly to the Surrealist movement in literature. His writings, which often explored the subconscious and dream logic, were influential among contemporaries. Combining elements of absurdism with sharp social critique, the works resonated with the themes of the early 20th-century avant-garde. His collaborations with leading surrealists helped shape the aesthetic and thematic direction of the movement, encouraging innovative approaches to literature and art. Despite a short life, he left a legacy that continued to inspire artists and writers after his death.
Continue ReadingEdward Charles Pickering
Served as director of the Harvard College Observatory from 1877 to 1919, conducting extensive research in astronomy. Developed the first standard photographic methods for measuring the brightness of stars and created a stellar classification system. Led efforts to employ women in astronomy, notably hiring many as computer counters. Instrumental in the creation of the Henry Draper Catalogue, which listed over 225,000 stars and their spectra.
Continue ReadingAnatole Mallet
Significant contributions to railways resulted from innovations in locomotive design. Developed the Mallet locomotive type, which featured a unique articulated design allowing for better maneuverability on narrow gauge tracks. This design improved efficiency and adaptability of steam locomotives in various terrains. Actively participated in engineering advancements during the 19th century, impacting rail transport.
Continue ReadingLuisa Cappiani
Born in Austria in 1829, a distinguished soprano, educator, and essayist. Achieved acclaim for performances in opera and concert settings throughout Europe. Educated many aspiring singers and contributed to music literature through essays and writings. Significant influence on the development of vocal pedagogy and appreciation of opera in the 19th century.
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