What Happened This Year 1919
People Who Died in 1919
Itagaki Taisuke
A notable figure in the Meiji restoration, played a significant role in Japan's transition from feudalism to modernization. Founded the Jiyuto (Liberal Party) in 1881, advocating for democracy and civil rights. Served as a member of the House of Representatives and contributed to the development of the political landscape in Japan during the late 19th century. Actively participated in various military campaigns during the Boshin War.
Continue ReadingFrank Winfield Woolworth
A prominent American businessman founded the F. W. Woolworth Company, pioneering the concept of the five-and-dime store. Established the first self-service retail store model that influenced modern retail shopping. The first store opened in Utica, New York in 1879, leading to the rapid expansion of numerous locations across the United States and internationally. His business approach emphasized affordability and accessibility, creating a new shopping experience for consumers. Contributions to retail set the stage for future discount retailers.
Continue ReadingHoratio Parker
An organist, composer, and educator, contributed significantly to American classical music. Studied in Europe and returned to the U.S. to teach composition and music theory. Helped establish the music department at Yale University, profoundly influencing American music education. Composed operas, choral works, and orchestral pieces, with a notable focus on blending European traditions with American themes.
Continue ReadingAnatole Mallet
Significant contributions to railways resulted from innovations in locomotive design. Developed the Mallet locomotive type, which featured a unique articulated design allowing for better maneuverability on narrow gauge tracks. This design improved efficiency and adaptability of steam locomotives in various terrains. Actively participated in engineering advancements during the 19th century, impacting rail transport.
Continue ReadingEdward Charles Pickering
Served as director of the Harvard College Observatory from 1877 to 1919, conducting extensive research in astronomy. Developed the first standard photographic methods for measuring the brightness of stars and created a stellar classification system. Led efforts to employ women in astronomy, notably hiring many as computer counters. Instrumental in the creation of the Henry Draper Catalogue, which listed over 225,000 stars and their spectra.
Continue ReadingRaymonde de Laroche
Born in 1882, a pioneering aviator in France gained recognition as the first woman to obtain a pilot's license in 1910. Her passion for aviation began when she attended a flying school. She trained under renowned aviators and rapidly progressed to flying solo. De Laroche participated in various competitions, showcasing her skills in the air. She also contributed to the advancement of aviation technology and encouraged women to pursue aviation as a career. Her achievements in a male-dominated field paved the way for future generations of female pilots.
Continue ReadingCarl Larsson
A Swedish painter and author, notable for depicting Swedish life, particularly in the context of family and rural culture. Critically acclaimed works include 'Laura' and 'A Home.' Larsson's vibrant watercolors and evocative sketches reflect the essence of Swedish craftsmanship and domestic life. He contributed significantly to the Arts and Crafts movement in Sweden. His artistic approach to illustrating everyday moments garnered attention both in Sweden and internationally, establishing a legacy that resonates in the fields of art and design.
Continue ReadingHenry Ware Eliot
Involved in various business ventures throughout a successful career, directing efforts as president of the Eliot Corporation. Eliot contributed significantly to philanthropic endeavors, notably in education and the arts, establishing foundations and funding initiatives that supported cultural institutions. Active in the community, his contributions had lasting benefits for several organizations, reflecting a commitment to progress in society.
Continue ReadingMary Edwards Walker
Born in 1832, a pioneering surgeon and women's rights advocate operated during the Civil War. Served as a contract surgeon for the Union Army, treating wounded soldiers. Arrested for her efforts to support the Union cause and later captured by Confederate troops. After the war, dedicated efforts to women's suffrage and advocated for dress reform. Received the Medal of Honor in 1865, making significant contributions to medicine and social reform.
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