What Happened This Year 1934
People Who Died in 1934
Frank J. Sprague
An American naval officer and inventor, contributed significantly to the development of electric motors and tramways. After graduating from the United States Naval Academy, served in various naval capacities. Developed the first practical electric streetcar system in Richmond, Virginia, which became a model for future rail systems. Established the Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company, advancing the use of electric power in transportation.
Continue ReadingCharles Michael
Born in 1863, served as Duke of Mecklenburg from 1904 until 1918. His reign spanned a period of significant change in Europe, witnessing the decline of monarchies and the rise of political movements. The duke was involved in cultural and social initiatives within his duchy, contributing to the development of local infrastructure and education. His abdication in 1918 marked the end of the duchy in the wake of World War I and the subsequent establishment of the Weimar Republic.
Continue ReadingGertrude Käsebier
An American photographer, Käsebier specialized in portraiture and was a significant figure in photographic art in the early 20th century. She was an advocate for the fine art of photography and contributed to the promotion of women's work in the field. Käsebier became well-known for her intimate and evocative portraits, often depicting mothers and children. In 1900, she was awarded a gold medal at the Paris Exposition, showcasing her work on an international stage. Käsebier was a founding member of the Photo-Secession group and served as its first secretary, helping to elevate photography as an art form. Her legacy includes a profound influence on modern portrait photography.
Continue ReadingThomas Anstey Guthrie
Born in 1856, a prominent English journalist and author contributed significantly to literature and journalism during the late 19th century. Active in the 1880s, his writing encompassed satire and humor, with a focus on social issues. Authored several novels, essays, and columns, often reflecting contemporary societal themes. Utilized wit and humor to critique various aspects of life and politics, making a lasting mark in the field of literature.
Continue ReadingBen Lindsey
Contributions included legal reforms and advancements in juvenile justice. Served as a judge in Denver, Colorado during the early 20th century. Advocated for a system focused on rehabilitation rather than punishment for young offenders. Wrote several influential publications on juvenile justice and served on various reform committees throughout his career.
Continue ReadingErnest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge
Contributions to Egyptology and philology included translating ancient Egyptian texts and collecting artifacts. Served as the curator of the British Museum's Egyptian collection. Published several significant works that advanced the understanding of ancient Egyptian culture and language.
Continue ReadingCarl von Linde
Contributed significantly to the development of refrigeration and air conditioning technologies. Invented the industrial process for the liquefaction of gases, particularly oxygen and nitrogen, which became essential for various industries. Founded the Linde AG company, which grew to become a major player in global industrial gases. Held a position as a professor at the Technical University of Munich, influencing future generations of engineers and scientists.
Continue ReadingRudolf Koch
A significant figure in early 20th-century design, completed studies in architecture and design at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. Established a reputation as a typographer and designed various typefaces, contributing to the growth of modern typography. Published influential works on type design and lettering techniques. Founded the renowned 'Koch'sche Presse' printing workshop, which specialized in quality printed materials. Engaged with the arts and crafts movement, advocating for craftsmanship in design and enhancing aesthetic approaches to book design.
Continue ReadingWilly Merkl
Achieved notable ascents in high-altitude mountaineering, particularly in the Himalayas. Made three attempts to summit K2 in the early 20th century, with a significant expedition in 1934. Led several climbing expeditions in Europe, contributing to the development of mountaineering techniques. Involved in rescue efforts and climbed various prominent peaks in the Alps, establishing a reputation as a skilled climber and leader in the mountaineering community.
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