What Happened This Year 1937
People Who Died in 1937
Philip Snowden
A British politician served as the first Viscount Snowden and held the position of Chancellor of the Exchequer. Played a significant role in the Labour Party during the early 20th century, particularly during the post-World War I economic challenges. Contributed to the establishment of various social welfare policies and economic reforms. Participated in the negotiations regarding the economic policies of the Labour government, emphasizing the need for social equity and financial stability. His tenure reflected a commitment to fiscal policies and a focus on public finance.
Continue ReadingJohn D. Rockefeller
Born in 1839, this individual founded the Standard Oil Company in 1870, which revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy. The company dominated the oil industry and was a pivotal player in the creation of the U.S. oil market. In addition to business pursuits, engaged in significant philanthropic efforts, including the establishment of the University of Chicago and the Rockefeller Foundation. This individual significantly influenced the economic landscape of the United States and expanded the role of philanthropy in society.
Continue ReadingHenry Ossawa Tanner
An American-French painter and illustrator, Tanner specialized in genre scenes and biblical subjects. Born in 1859, Tanner faced racial discrimination while pursuing artistic education in the United States. He studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts under Thomas Eakins. In 1891, Tanner became the first African American painter to achieve significant recognition in Europe. His work includes notable pieces such as 'The Banjo Lesson,' which exemplifies his focus on African American life. He later moved to France, where he continued to develop his style, drawing from experiences in both America and Europe. Tanner's contributions to the art world include a focus on spirituality and dignity in the depiction of Black subjects.
Continue ReadingAlfred Adler
Austrian physician and psychotherapist developed Individual Psychology, emphasizing the importance of community and social interest in human behavior. Founded the Society of Individual Psychology and contributed to the understanding of inferiority complexes and their role in personal development. His work emphasized the impact of social factors on personality and sought to help individuals achieve a sense of belonging and purpose in their lives. Adler's theories on lifestyle and personal growth influenced both psychotherapy and educational practices.
Continue ReadingLouis Vierne
A prominent organist and composer, contributions focused on organ music in the early 20th century. Served as the chief organist at the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris for over 30 years. Composed multiple symphonies for organ, many of which remain influential in the repertoire. Suffered personal hardships, including blindness, yet continued to create significant works and perform.
Continue ReadingJean Harlow
An American actress emerged as a leading figure in early Hollywood cinema during the 1930s. Achieved significant recognition for performances in films, particularly in 'Hell's Angels' and 'Dinner at Eight'. Became a prominent sex symbol of the era, contributing to the popularity and growth of the comedy genre in cinema. Passed away at a young age but left a lasting legacy in the film industry through her roles and influence on subsequent actresses.
Continue ReadingRobert Borden
Served as Canada's 8th Prime Minister from 1911 to 1920. Played a significant role during World War I, leading Canada to participate more actively in the war effort. Implemented the Military Service Act, introducing conscription. Oversaw the transition of Canada to a more autonomous nation within the British Empire, advocating for Canadian representation in international affairs. His government also saw the introduction of income tax as a temporary measure for war financing.
Continue ReadingR. J. Mitchell
An English engineer specializing in aircraft design, contributed significantly to aviation technology. Designed the Supermarine Spitfire, a fighter aircraft used extensively during World War II. Spitfire gained a reputation for its performance and effectiveness in aerial combat. Mitchell's engineering leadership and innovative designs advanced the field of aeronautics and played a crucial role in the Battle of Britain.
Continue ReadingMikhail Tukhachevsky
This military strategist served as a prominent general in the Red Army during the 1920s and 1930s. Contributions included leading forces in the Polish-Soviet War and developing innovative military tactics that influenced Soviet doctrines. Tukhachevsky was integral to the modernization of the Red Army, employing mechanized warfare principles. He held various commands, including the position of Deputy People's Commissar for Defense. His career ended following a purge in 1937, resulting in execution on charges of conspiracy against the state.
Continue Reading