What Happened This Year 1985
People Who Died in 1985
Antonino Votto
An influential Italian conductor, led prestigious orchestras throughout Europe. His career spanned several decades, with a focus on opera and symphonic music. Votto conducted the La Scala Orchestra and served as music director for the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. Known for precise interpretations and commitment to the art of conducting, Votto gained recognition for his ability to bring out the best in orchestras and soloists.
Continue ReadingPaul Flory
An American chemist and engineer, contributions focused on polymer chemistry. Developed pioneering theories regarding the physical properties of polymers. Significant research influenced the development of materials such as plastics and fibers. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1974 for work on the statistical mechanics of macromolecules.
Continue ReadingJock Stein
One of the most successful football managers in history, a deep commitment to Celtic FC characterized a major portion of the career. Led Celtic to the 1967 European Cup victory, becoming the first British team to do so. Managed the team from 1965 to 1978, achieving numerous domestic titles. Before management, also had a career as a player, primarily with Celtic, winning several league championships. Recognized for tactical innovation and building a formidable team.
Continue ReadingErnst Öpik
Born in Estonia, contributed significantly to the fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Developed a theory about the formation of comets and their interaction with the solar system. Worked extensively on the classification of stars and developed an influential model for the distribution of galaxies in the universe. Actively participated in international scientific collaborations throughout his career.
Continue ReadingEleanor Dark
An influential Australian author and poet, contributed significantly to Australian literature throughout the 20th century. Notable works include the novels 'The Timeless Land' and 'Storm of Time', which explored themes of identity, nature, and the Australian landscape. Dark was also a prominent advocate for conservation and social issues, using her platform to address various concerns of her time. Her literary contributions earned her recognition within Australian literary circles and lasting appreciation from readers.
Continue ReadingHenrietta Barnett
Served as a prominent officer in the Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF) during World War II. Played a significant role in leading numerous initiatives that supported women's contributions in the military aviation field. After the war, continued to advocate for women's rights and integration into the armed forces. Engaged in various efforts to acknowledge the importance of women's roles in wartime service, including writing and speaking on the subject.
Continue ReadingWilliam Alwyn
English composer, conductor, and educator contributed extensively to music during the 20th century. Created symphonies, concertos, and operas, establishing a prominent reputation in the classical music scene. Served as a professor at the Royal Academy of Music, influencing a generation of musicians. His compositions often featured lush orchestrations and incorporated elements from various musical traditions. Received numerous accolades throughout his career for both his compositions and contributions to music education.
Continue ReadingDane Rudhyar
Born in 1895, this French-American figure made significant contributions to astrology, combining psychological insights with astrological practices. The works on harmony and the connection between astrology and psychology established a foundation for modern astrological thought. The influence extended to music composition, with a focus on the interplay between sound and consciousness. Publications included influential texts that reshaped the understanding of personal and collective astrology.
Continue ReadingCootie Williams
A prominent figure in jazz music, this musician played trumpet for the Duke Ellington Orchestra, contributing a distinct sound to many of the band's most celebrated recordings. Leading his own band, he became known for his innovative style and use of mutes, influencing countless jazz musicians. His career spanned several decades, during which he recorded numerous works and collaborated with various artists, helping to shape the landscape of jazz during the mid-20th century.
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