Born in 1720
Richard Hurd
Bishop served in the Church of England during the 18th century and contributed significantly to ecclesiastical literature. Hurd became the Bishop of Worcester and was influential in the development of Anglican theology. Published several works on theology, including 'Dialogues on the Supremacy of the Pope' and was known for his commentary on Shakespeare. His writings often explored the relationship between religion and literature, drawing connections between faith and the arts.
Continue ReadingCharles De Geer
Contributed significantly to entomology and archaeology in Sweden. Conducted extensive research on insects and their classification. Published the work 'Fauna Svecica', which documented Swedish insects and provided important insights into their ecology and behavior. In archaeology, conducted studies that advanced the understanding of the prehistoric societies in Sweden. His work helped lay the groundwork for future entomological and archaeological studies in the region.
Continue ReadingEmperor Sakuramachi
Reigned during the Edo period, Emperor Sakuramachi was the 114th emperor of Japan. Ascending to the throne in 1735, the reign focused on a period of stability and peace in Japan. The emperor was involved in the promotion of cultural developments and the continued prosperity of the Tokugawa shogunate. Sakuramachi's reign was marked by efforts to maintain traditional practices and respond to the changing political landscape within the country.
Continue ReadingGian Francesco Albani
Became a cardinal in 1721. Served as the Bishop of Bologna starting in 1731. Played a key role in the administrative and spiritual leadership of the diocese. Participated in various papal conclaves and ecclesiastical councils during the 18th century, contributing to the governance of the Catholic Church during a significant period of its history. Held the position of Secretary of State of the Papal States, overseeing political and diplomatic affairs.
Continue ReadingCharles Bonnet
Born in 1720, a Swiss historian and author contributed significantly to the field of natural history and philosophy. His work often focused on the study of insects and the theory of evolution, predating Charles Darwin by over a century. He published various texts that explored the interplay between nature and philosophy, shedding light on the complexity of life forms. His ideas on the development of species and the environment laid the groundwork for future research in evolution. The extensive corpus of work included studies on visual perception and the relationships between the natural world and human understanding.
Continue ReadingNicolas-Henri Jardin
An architect and academic from France, focused on neoclassical architecture during the 18th century. His work included significant contributions to royal residences in Denmark. Notable designs included the Bernstorff Palace, which showcased his architectural style influenced by the ideals of symmetry and grandeur, and Marienlyst Castle, a key representation of his prolific career. Jardin's architectural endeavors reflected the artistic trends of the period and contributed to the evolution of palace design in Europe.
Continue ReadingVilna Gaon
A leading figure in Jewish scholarship during the 18th century, displayed profound knowledge in Torah and Talmudic studies. Contributed significantly to Jewish law and thought, influencing subsequent generations of scholars. Established a yeshiva in Vilnius, where many students studied under his guidance, thereby shaping Jewish educational practices. Wrote numerous works on Jewish philosophy and mysticism, including commentaries on the Bible and Talmud, which remain influential.
Continue ReadingWilliam Cavendish
Born in 1720, held the title of 4th Duke of Devonshire. Served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1756 to 1757 during the Seven Years' War. His administration struggled with military challenges and faced a turbulent political atmosphere. The duke served as a member of the Whig party, holding various political positions prior to premiership, including Lord Chamberlain and a role in the Board of Trade. His tenure as Prime Minister was short-lived, marked by the challenges of the war and political dissatisfaction. Cavendish was influential in the politics of his time, engaging in discussions regarding military strategy and international relations.
Continue ReadingMaximilian Hell
An astronomer and priest contributed to the field of astronomy in the 18th century. Most recognized for conducting observations of the transit of Venus in 1769 from northern Siberia. Conducted extensive research and produced studies on various celestial phenomena. Operated a celestial observatory in Vienna, which fostered astronomical studies. His work facilitated a better understanding of the solar system and helped in measuring the distance of the sun.
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