What Happened This Year 1720

Born in 1720

Justus Möser

German jurist and legal theorist
Born
December 14th, 1720 304 years ago
Died
January 8th, 1794 231 years ago — 73 years old

Contributed significantly to legal philosophy and theory in Germany. Worked as a lawyer, statesman, and prominent jurist. Advocated for legal reforms and the importance of understanding local customs and traditions in law. Published influential writings that explored the relationship between law and morality.

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Charles Edward Stuart

Scottish claimant to the English throne
Born
December 31st, 1720 304 years ago
Died
1788 237 years ago — 68 years old

Claimed the English throne during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Led the rebellion aiming to restore the Stuart dynasty. Captured the city of Edinburgh and achieved a notable victory at the Battle of Prestonpans. Ultimately defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, leading to the decline of Jacobite hopes. Spent subsequent years in exile and became a symbol of Scottish nationalism.

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Sir William James

Welsh-English commander and politician
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
December 16th, 1783 241 years ago — 63 years old

A 1st Baronet, served in significant military roles and held political office during the 18th century. As a commander, contributed to the British efforts during various conflicts, actively participating in military strategies and operations. Engaged in parliamentary activities, influencing policies of the time.

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Bernardo Bellotto

Italian painter and illustrator, vedute
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
November 17th, 1780 244 years ago — 60 years old

An Italian painter and printmaker, became a prominent figure in the 18th century art scene. Specializing in landscapes and cityscapes, created detailed depictions of various European cities. Worked extensively in Poland, capturing architectural details and urban life of Warsaw, Dresden, and Venice through the artistic technique of 'vedute'. His works were characterized by precision and a sense of perspective, contributing significantly to the genre of topographical painting. Bellotto also served as court painter to King Augustus III of Poland.

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Jonathan Mayhew

American minister and theologian
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
July 9th, 1766 258 years ago — 46 years old

Played a significant role in the American religious landscape during the 18th century. Served as the pastor of West Church in Boston, where theological ideas were articulated in sermons and writings. Advocated for religious liberty and the separation of church and state. Contributed to early American thought, influencing various leaders during the pre-revolutionary period. Engaged in political issues of his time, promoting the rights of the colonies against British rule.

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Samuel Foote

English actor and playwright
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
October 21st, 1777 247 years ago — 57 years old

An actor and playwright, contributions included numerous comedic plays that featured sharp social commentary. Foote became a prominent figure in London's theatrical scene, gaining recognition for his performances at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket. He was also a member of the elite society known as the 'Man of the Town', who engaged in acts of satire and parody. His talent for imitating prominent personalities added to his acclaim, and his works often addressed contemporary issues, influencing comedic theatre. One of his most celebrated works, 'The Mayor of Garratt', showcased his wit and creativity, further solidifying his legacy in the world of drama.

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Heraclius II of Georgia

King of Georgia, Russian Empire ally
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
January 11th, 1798 227 years ago — 78 years old

Ruled as King of Georgia from 1744 until death in 1798. Focused on modernizing the kingdom and strengthening ties with the Russian Empire. Engaged in military campaigns against Persian and Ottoman forces. Worked to consolidate power and expand the influence of Georgia during his reign. After facing multiple invasions, sought assistance from Russia, leading to Georgia's eventual annexation into the Russian Empire.

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Martin Gerbert

German historian and theologian
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
May 3rd, 1793 231 years ago — 73 years old

A prominent historian and theologian, contributions centered on church history and sacred scripture. Authored several works that analyzed the role of the Catholic Church during the Reformation. Gerbert served as the Bishop of Konstanz and was a leading figure in promoting theological education. Engaged actively in the debates of his time, focusing on the intersection of faith and historical development.

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Emperor Sakuramachi of Japan

Emperor during the Edo period (Sakuramachi)
Born
1720 305 years ago
Died
May 28th, 1750 274 years ago — 30 years old

Sakuramachi served as the 116th Emperor of Japan during the Edo period. Ascended to the throne in 1735 and reigned until 1747. This reign was characterized by the continued stability of the Tokugawa shogunate, which maintained power primarily through a system of feudal lords. The emperor had limited political power, and the government was effectively run by shoguns. Despite a brief reign, Sakuramachi witnessed cultural developments, including advancements in the arts and literature during the Edo period that deeply influenced Japanese history. In 1750, after his death, he was posthumously named and included in the list of emperors, solidifying his role in the historical narrative of Japan.

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