People Who Died in 1762
Empress Elizabeth of Russia
Ruled as Empress of Russia from 1741 until death in 1762. Ascended to the throne after a coup that deposed her cousin, Emperor Ivan VI. Promoted cultural and educational advancements, most notably establishing the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1724, although its establishment occurred earlier before her reign. Focused on strengthening the military and expanding the empire's influence in Europe. Her reign was marked by a flourishing of the arts and architecture in Saint Petersburg, along with the continuation of the Seven Years' War during her rule. Died in 1762 without an heir which led to a succession crisis.
Continue ReadingAntonio de Benavides
Served as the governor of Florida during a period of colonial expansion. Oversaw the administration of the province, managing relations with Native American tribes and European powers. Implemented policies to strengthen the Spanish presence in the region amidst challenges from rival colonial forces. His tenure marked a significant time in the development of Florida's colonial governance.
Continue ReadingLouis-François Roubiliac
An influential French-English sculptor active during the 18th century, Roubiliac specialized in creating busts and monumental sculptures. He was trained in France before relocating to England, where he gained recognition for his intricate and expressive marble works. Roubiliac's sculptures often captured the essence of his subjects, showcasing remarkable detail and emotive quality. His most famous works include the marble statue of Handel located in Westminster Abbey and the memorial for Sir Isaac Newton. His style contributed to the evolving narrative of sculpture during this period.
Continue ReadingTobias Mayer
German astronomer and academic contributed significantly to celestial cartography and lunar mapping. Published methods for calculating lunar positions and developed a detailed lunar map that aided navigation at sea. Engaged with contemporary scientific communities and influenced future astronomical studies. His work was recognized for improving the accuracy of lunar observations and providing valuable resources for sailors and navigators.
Continue ReadingJohannes Zick
A prominent Baroque painter and fresco artist, contributed significantly to the art scene in Germany during the 18th century. Worked extensively in the Regensburg region, where major commissions included decorative paintings in churches and palaces. Notable works include the frescoes in the St. Emmeram's Abbey and the ceiling paintings in the Church of St. Peter in Regensburg. His style is characterized by vibrant colors and dynamic compositions that reflect the Baroque aesthetic.
Continue ReadingNicolas Louis de Lacaille
An accomplished astronomer, contributions included the systematic cataloging of southern stars. Conducted extensive observations from the Cape of Good Hope, resulting in precise measurements of over 10,000 stars. Developed the first modern constellation system for the southern hemisphere, creating 14 new constellations. Devised techniques that improved telescopic observations and celestial mapping, influencing later astronomical work.
Continue ReadingAlexander Joseph Sulkowski
A general in the service of both the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Saxon army. Played a significant role in various military campaigns during the 18th century. Served as a strategic commander in battles and contributed to the political and military landscape of the time. Involved in conflicts that shaped the dynamics between Poland and neighboring powers.
Continue ReadingDorothea Erxleben
Achieved a medical degree in 1754, becoming the first woman in Germany to earn a medical doctorate. Studied at the University of Halle under male peers and faced significant barriers due to gender discrimination. Published a thesis addressing women's health issues and advocated for women's education in medicine, emphasizing the importance of training women as physicians.
Continue ReadingAnne Russell
Born around 1705, served as the Countess of Jersey and formerly held the title of Duchess of Bedford. Renowned for her role in British society during the early 18th century, became a prominent figure in the court of King George II. Known for lavish gatherings and social influence, facilitated notable connections among the aristocracy. Her home became a center of political and social activity, reflecting the interests and ambitions of the elite during the period.
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