Born in 1835
Adelbert Ames
Served as a general in the Union Army during the Civil War, achieving the rank of brevet major general. Became the 30th Governor of Mississippi from 1874 to 1876. His tenure focused on reconstruction efforts in the South after the Civil War. After serving as governor, held various political roles including a U.S. Senator. Advocated for civil rights and was involved in the Republican Party during his political career.
Continue ReadingKrišjānis Barons
A prominent linguist and author, contributed significantly to the development and preservation of the Latvian language and culture. Played a crucial role in compiling and editing the first comprehensive Latvian dictionary. Advocated for the use of Latvian in literature and education, fostering a national identity during a period of foreign influence. Participated in cultural movements that aimed to promote Latvian heritage and was instrumental in establishing the concept of a Latvian literary language.
Continue ReadingAdolf von Baeyer
A prominent chemist and academic, major contributions included the synthesis of indigo and the development of several significant reactions in organic chemistry. Baeyer served as a professor at the University of Munich and influenced the study of organic compounds, especially aromatic compounds. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1905 for his work in organic chemical research. His findings laid groundwork for the modern understanding of chemical structures and reactions.
Continue ReadingMoritz Szeps
Born in Ukraine, a notable journalist and publisher contributed significantly to German-language journalism in Austria. Began a career in journalism in the mid-19th century, working for various publications. Established a prominent newspaper that became influential in Vienna, focusing on political and cultural issues of the time. Played a crucial role in promoting liberal ideas and reforms in journalism during a period of social and political change.
Continue ReadingAndrew L. Harris
Served as a general in the Union Army during the Civil War, achieving the rank of brigadier general. Served as the 44th Governor of Ohio from 1886 to 1889. Focused on supporting veterans and improving infrastructure during the governorship. Held the position of Ohio Secretary of State before his tenure as governor.
Continue ReadingAndrew Carnegie
A Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, became one of the wealthiest individuals in the United States. Emigrated from Scotland to the U.S. in 1848. Established Carnegie Steel Company, which revolutionized steel production in the late 19th century. After selling the company to J.P. Morgan for $480 million in 1901, focused on philanthropy, establishing institutions and funding libraries, schools, and universities. Contributed significantly to the establishment of Pittsburgh's Carnegie Mellon University and the Carnegie Corporation.
Continue ReadingEmpress Dowager Cixi
Born in 1835, rose to power as a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng. After his death, assumed the role of regent for her young son, the Tongzhi Emperor. Governed during a time of significant reform and modernization in China. Faced challenges including military uprisings, foreign invasions, and the Boxer Rebellion. Managed to retain power until her death in 1908, deeply influencing the Qing Dynasty's policies and direction.
Continue ReadingMark Twain
An influential American writer and humorist, this individual gained prominence in the 19th century. Works include masterpieces such as 'The Adventures of Tom Sawyer' and 'Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'. These novels explored themes of race, identity, and the moral dilemmas faced by individuals in society. In addition to novels, contributed essays and short stories that showcased wit and social commentary. Engaged in public speaking and journalism, reflecting on societal issues of the time.
Continue ReadingSamuel Butler
An English author and critic, contributions spanned multiple genres including fiction and essays. Published notable works such as 'Erewhon' in 1872, which satirized Victorian society and explored themes of evolution and morality. Explored concepts of art and literature through critical essays, influencing thought within these fields. Engaged in debates surrounding Darwinism, applying these ideas within philosophical contexts through writings.
Continue Reading