Born in 1835
César Cui
Born in 1835, this individual served as a Russian general while also making significant contributions to music as a composer and music critic. Active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, he became associated with the Mighty Handful, a group of Russian composers. His compositions include operas, piano works, and songs, incorporating Russian folk melodies and themes. Besides composing, he wrote music criticism that helped shape public understanding of music.
Continue ReadingLunalilo of Hawaii
Ascended to the throne in 1873, ruled until 1874. Became the first elected monarch of Hawaii, taking the title of King. Promoted the development of a constitution that emphasized civil rights, including equal rights for all races. His reign was marked by efforts to modernize the Hawaiian government and foster economic stability. Established a legacy of promoting education and public welfare.
Continue ReadingMirza Ghulam Ahmad
An Indian religious leader founded the Ahmadiyya movement in Islam during the late 19th century. In 1889, established the community in the Punjab region, emphasizing a peaceful interpretation of Islam and the importance of social reform. Wrote extensively on religious and social issues, promoting a message of interfaith dialogue and understanding. Claimed to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, advocating for the revival of true Islamic teachings and the need for spiritual renewal among Muslims.
Continue ReadingPiet Paaltjens
Born in 1835, spent much of life as a minister while pursuing literary ambitions. Gained recognition for poignant poetry that reflected personal experiences and societal themes. Achieved posthumous fame through the collection 'Floris de Vijfde', which showcased a blend of humor and melancholy, associated with Dutch life and culture. Emphasized themes of love, loss, and existential reflection in writings, contributing to Dutch literature.
Continue ReadingDemetrius Vikelas
A businessman and philanthropist from Greece, contributed significantly to various causes, particularly in education and cultural development. Served as the first President of the International Olympic Committee from 1894 until 1896. Played a crucial role in the revival of the modern Olympic Games held in Athens in 1896. His efforts were characterized by a commitment to fostering athleticism and international cooperation through sports.
Continue ReadingJulius Vogel
Born in England, a prominent journalist migrated to New Zealand where a significant political career unfolded. Served as the 8th Prime Minister from 1873 to 1875. His tenure was marked by a focus on infrastructure development and economic initiatives. Played a crucial role in the introduction of the Public Works Act, facilitating major public construction projects. Advocated for immigration to bolster the workforce and support economic growth.
Continue ReadingPhilip Fysh
Elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 1856, served as the 12th Premier of Tasmania from 1876 to 1878. Played a significant role in the establishment of the Tasmanian Railway. Involved in land reform and improved public services during tenure. Contributed to the development of the Tasmanian economy and infrastructure.
Continue ReadingSimon Newcomb
An influential astronomer and mathematician, contributions spanned astronomy, mathematics, and predictive calculations for celestial phenomena. Played a significant role in the development of modern astronomical methods and collaborated with various scientific institutions. Served as director of the Nautical Almanac Office and published several works including extensive tables of planetary motion. Major contributions to the field included work on the theory of the orbits of comets and an extensive study of the measurements of stellar parallax.
Continue ReadingGiovanni Schiaparelli
An Italian astronomer and historian contributed significantly to the study of Mars. Schiaparelli worked at the Brera Observatory in Milan and became the director of the observatory. He published detailed maps of Mars, noted for the accurate depiction of the planet's surface features. His observations led to the introduction of the term 'canali', which was misinterpreted as 'canals' in English, spurring interest in the possibility of extraterrestrial life. Schiaparelli also authored various works on astronomy and history, influencing future research.
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