What Happened This Year 1844

Born in 1844

Franz Xavier Wernz

Religious Leader, Superior General of Jesuits
Born
December 4th, 1844 180 years ago
Died
August 19th, 1914 110 years ago — 69 years old

Served as the 25th Superior General of the Society of Jesus from 1892 to 1906. Focused on the revitalization and expansion of Jesuit education and missions during a challenging period for the society. Played a crucial role in reestablishing the Jesuits in various countries after their suppression in the 18th century. Aimed to strengthen the formation of Jesuit members and emphasized the importance of academic excellence and pastoral engagement.

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Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee

Indian barrister and Congress leader
Born
December 29th, 1844 180 years ago
Died
1906 119 years ago — 62 years old

Born in 1844, this individual was an Indian barrister and a prominent political figure. This person played a crucial role in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885, serving as its first president. His work laid the groundwork for future political movements in India, advocating for greater representation and rights for Indians under British rule. In addition to legal practice, this individual contributed to various socio-political discussions, focusing on the rights of the Indian populace. His leadership during the early stages of organized Indian politics marked a significant moment in the country's journey toward independence.

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Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy

French archaeologist and engineer
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
February 25th, 1920 105 years ago — 76 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of archaeology and engineering through various excavations and publications. Focused on Persian architecture during the 19th century. Conducted notable excavations at the ancient city of Susa in modern-day Iran, providing insights into its historical significance. Developed techniques for archaeological restoration and documentation, which enhanced the understanding of ancient civilizations.

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Klaus Berntsen

Danish politician and Prime Minister
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
March 27th, 1927 97 years ago — 83 years old

Served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 1920 until 1924, leading the nation during a period marked by recovery following World War I. Played a significant role in domestic politics, focusing on social reform and economic stabilization. Engaged in addressing challenges related to industry and labor, with efforts aimed at improving living conditions for citizens. His leadership was noted during a time of political transition in Denmark, influencing subsequent governmental policies.

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Saitō Hajime

Japanese samurai and police officer
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
September 28th, 1915 109 years ago — 71 years old

A prominent figure during the late Edo period, involved in the Boshin War, and later became a police officer in the Meiji period. Served as a captain in the Shinsengumi, an elite police force known for its loyalty and skill. After the fall of the Shinsengumi, played a significant role in establishing law enforcement in Japan's new government. Continued to work in public service until retirement.

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Charles-Émile Reynaud

French scientist and inventor of animation
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
January 9th, 1918 107 years ago — 74 years old

Contributed to the field of animation through the invention of the Praxinoscope, an early device for viewing animated images. Developed the theater optical device, the Théâtre Optique, which projected animated images on a screen. Made significant advancements in the use of sequential image display, laying groundwork for modern animation techniques. Engaged in educational efforts to promote the understanding of optical phenomena.

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George Leslie Mackay

Canadian missionary and author
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
June 2nd, 1901 123 years ago — 57 years old

A Canadian missionary worked primarily in Taiwan, where established a significant Presbyterian mission. Focused on education, health care, and social reforms, contributed to cultural exchange between Canada and Taiwan. Authored several books detailing experiences and observations during time spent in Taiwan. Received notable recognition for efforts in language preservation and education.

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Menelik II

Ethiopian emperor during the Battle of Adwa
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
December 12th, 1913 111 years ago — 69 years old

Ascended to the throne in 1889, held the title of Emperor of Ethiopia and played a pivotal role in modernizing the country. Fought against Italian colonization, leading Ethiopian forces to a decisive victory at the Battle of Adwa in 1896, which secured Ethiopian sovereignty. Focused on expanding Ethiopian territory and implementing reforms in governance and infrastructure, including the construction of roads and railways. His reign marked a significant period in Ethiopian history, characterized by territorial consolidation and diplomatic engagement with European powers.

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Abdur Rahman Khan

Emir of Afghanistan, the Iron Amir
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
October 1st, 1901 123 years ago — 57 years old

An Afghan emir, served as the ruler of Afghanistan from 1880 to 1901. Directed the consolidation of the Afghan state following years of turmoil, emphasizing national unity and centralized power. Implemented significant reforms to modernize the military and administration. Strengthened Afghanistan's sovereignty against British interference, navigating complex relationships with Russia and Britain during the Great Game. Focused on infrastructure development, including communication and transportation improvements, to facilitate trade and governance.

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