What Happened This Year 1844

Born in 1844

Saitō Hajime

Japanese samurai and police officer
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
September 28th, 1915 109 years ago — 71 years old

A prominent figure during the late Edo period, involved in the Boshin War, and later became a police officer in the Meiji period. Served as a captain in the Shinsengumi, an elite police force known for its loyalty and skill. After the fall of the Shinsengumi, played a significant role in establishing law enforcement in Japan's new government. Continued to work in public service until retirement.

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Charles-Émile Reynaud

French scientist and inventor of animation
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
January 9th, 1918 107 years ago — 74 years old

Contributed to the field of animation through the invention of the Praxinoscope, an early device for viewing animated images. Developed the theater optical device, the Théâtre Optique, which projected animated images on a screen. Made significant advancements in the use of sequential image display, laying groundwork for modern animation techniques. Engaged in educational efforts to promote the understanding of optical phenomena.

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George Leslie Mackay

Canadian missionary and author
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
June 2nd, 1901 123 years ago — 57 years old

A Canadian missionary worked primarily in Taiwan, where established a significant Presbyterian mission. Focused on education, health care, and social reforms, contributed to cultural exchange between Canada and Taiwan. Authored several books detailing experiences and observations during time spent in Taiwan. Received notable recognition for efforts in language preservation and education.

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Menelik II

Ethiopian emperor during the Battle of Adwa
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
December 12th, 1913 111 years ago — 69 years old

Ascended to the throne in 1889, held the title of Emperor of Ethiopia and played a pivotal role in modernizing the country. Fought against Italian colonization, leading Ethiopian forces to a decisive victory at the Battle of Adwa in 1896, which secured Ethiopian sovereignty. Focused on expanding Ethiopian territory and implementing reforms in governance and infrastructure, including the construction of roads and railways. His reign marked a significant period in Ethiopian history, characterized by territorial consolidation and diplomatic engagement with European powers.

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Abdur Rahman Khan

Emir of Afghanistan, the Iron Amir
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
October 1st, 1901 123 years ago — 57 years old

An Afghan emir, served as the ruler of Afghanistan from 1880 to 1901. Directed the consolidation of the Afghan state following years of turmoil, emphasizing national unity and centralized power. Implemented significant reforms to modernize the military and administration. Strengthened Afghanistan's sovereignty against British interference, navigating complex relationships with Russia and Britain during the Great Game. Focused on infrastructure development, including communication and transportation improvements, to facilitate trade and governance.

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Konstantin Savitsky

Russian painter of landscapes and portraits
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
February 13th, 1905 120 years ago — 61 years old

Born in 1844, a prominent Russian painter focused on landscapes and genre scenes. Studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. Developed a style characterized by rich color and detailed representations of rural life. Participated in exhibitions, contributing to the emergence of the Peredvizhniki movement, which aimed to create art that depicted social issues and the lives of ordinary people. His works reflect a deep appreciation for nature and human experiences, with a particular interest in portraying the life and struggles of peasants. Died in 1905.

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Adolf Engler

Renowned German Botanist and Academic
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
October 10th, 1930 94 years ago — 86 years old

Engler specialized in botany and contributed significantly to plant classification and taxonomy. He authored the 'Der Pflanzenreich' series, which systematically organized plants based on their relationships. Engler held a professor position at the University of Berlin and was one of the founders of the Botanical Garden of Berlin. His work helped establish a systematic framework that greatly influenced botanical studies and research.

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Ahmet Mithat Efendi

Turkish journalist and translator
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
December 28th, 1913 111 years ago — 69 years old

An influential figure in Turkish literature and journalism, contributed extensively to the understanding of Western literature. Worked as a translator, introducing major works of European literature to Turkish audiences. Founded several newspapers, including the influential 'Tercüman-ı Hakikat'. Engaged in literary efforts that promoted the modernization of Turkish language and thought.

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Spencer Trask

Financier and philanthropist
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
December 31st, 1909 115 years ago — 65 years old

Spencer Trask was an American financier and philanthropist active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He co-founded the banking firm, Spencer Trask & Co., which played a significant role in financing many innovative projects and companies during the Gilded Age. Trask was also deeply involved in philanthropic efforts, contributing to cultural and educational institutions, notably the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He served on the boards of various organizations aimed at advancing arts and sciences. His contributions to the finance sector and charitable foundations greatly influenced the development of American culture and economy in his era.

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