What Happened This Year 1849

Born in 1849

Muhammad Abduh

Egyptian jurist and Islamic scholar
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
July 11th, 1905 119 years ago — 56 years old

A significant figure in Islamic reform, this individual contributed to the modernization of Islamic thought in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Serving as a prominent jurist and scholar, this individual sought to reconcile traditional Islamic teachings with contemporary issues facing the Muslim world. Active in educational reforms, the individual was involved in establishing al-Azhar University’s modern curriculum. Additionally, worked as the chief editor of the influential Islamic journal, Al-Urwah Al-Wuthqa. Efforts included a strong emphasis on rationalism and the importance of ijtihad, or independent reasoning, within Islamic law.

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Périclès Pantazis

Greek-Belgian painter with notable landscapes
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
January 25th, 1884 141 years ago — 35 years old

A prominent painter of the late 19th century, this individual focused on landscape and still-life compositions. Regular exhibitions in Brussels showcased works that reflected a strong influence of the Impressionist movement. The artist's creative pursuits were marked by a passion for capturing natural light and color, contributing to the evolution of modern art in Belgium. In later years, the artist returned to Greece, further exploring the themes of Greek nature in the body of work. Various pieces in collections such as the Museum of Fine Arts in Ghent highlight the talent and artistic journey.

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Jacob August Riis

Journalist and reformer; 'How the Other Half Lives'
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
May 26th, 1914 110 years ago — 65 years old

A journalist and photographer, this individual focused on documenting the living conditions of the urban poor in New York City during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As a reformer, significant efforts contributed to social reform, leading to changes in housing conditions and labor laws. 'How the Other Half Lives', published in 1890, presented a stark view of poverty through photography and writing, influencing public opinion and policy. Additionally, worked with various charitable organizations and was involved in advocacy for child labor laws and improved housing standards.

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Abbott Handerson Thayer

Painter and educator, known for angel paintings
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
May 29th, 1921 103 years ago — 72 years old

An American painter and educator specialized in naturalistic representations of subjects. Key works explored themes of angels and nature, utilizing a distinctive use of color and light. Worked as an educator, influencing a generation of artists through both teaching and his writings on art. Advocated for the importance of understanding nature in the creation of art. Contributed to the realism movement and closely associated with academic traditions in American art.

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Wilhelm Voigt

German criminal and impersonator
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
January 3rd, 1922 103 years ago — 73 years old

Voigt gained notoriety in 1906 when he disguised himself as a Prussian military officer and seized control of the town of Köpenick. This event, known as the Köpenick affair, highlighted issues of authority and social class in Germany. Following the incident, he was arrested and sentenced to a prison term but became a symbol of resistance against bureaucratic oppression. After serving part of his sentence, he continued to live a quiet life away from the public eye until his death in 1922.

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William Kissam Vanderbilt

American businessman and horse breeder
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
July 22nd, 1920 104 years ago — 71 years old

Businessman and prominent horse breeder, contributed significantly to the development of horse racing in the United States. Held leadership positions within the New York Central Railroad and was instrumental in the expansion of the family's railroad empire. Actively participated in the breeding of thoroughbreds and achieved notable success at prestigious horse racing events, including the Belmont Stakes. Involved in various philanthropic efforts, particularly in areas related to equine welfare and education.

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Pavlos Karolidis

Greek historian and academic
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
July 26th, 1930 94 years ago — 81 years old

A prominent Greek historian and academic specialized in historical research and educational activities. Engaged in the study of Byzantine history and antiquities, contributing significantly to the academic landscape of Greece. Participation in various scholarly committees and organizations fostered the development of historical discourse and education in the region. Authored numerous publications that advanced understanding of Greek history and heritage.

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Basil Zaharoff

Businessman and philanthropist
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
November 27th, 1936 88 years ago — 87 years old

Involved in the arms trade, Zaharoff established himself as a prominent businessman in the early 20th century. He worked with various governments and became a key figure in the global arms market. His influence extended beyond business into philanthropy, contributing to numerous charitable causes. Zaharoff's dealings during World War I, including significant contracts with British and French forces, solidified his reputation in this controversial industry. He also donated substantial sums to hospitals and educational institutions, reflecting his commitment to social causes. His legacy continues to evoke discussions regarding the ethics of arms trade and philanthropy.

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Giovanni Passannante

Italian anarchist and political activist
Born
1849 176 years ago
Died
February 14th, 1910 115 years ago — 61 years old

An Italian anarchist and political activist engaged in opposition to the monarchy and government policies in Italy. Known for an assassination attempt on King Umberto I in 1878, which led to severe consequences and imprisonment. Promoted anarchist ideas and worked towards revolutionary change. His actions reflected the political turmoil of the era, and his subsequent treatment as a prisoner highlighted issues of civil rights and state power.

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