What Happened This Year 1877

Born in 1877

Max Factor

Make-up artist and businessman
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
August 30th, 1938 86 years ago — 61 years old

Born in Poland and later emigrated to the United States, a make-up artist and businessman established a successful cosmetics company. Pioneered techniques in make-up for film and theatre, significantly influencing beauty standards. Developed various products that catered to the needs of performers and the general public. Instrumental in creating the notion of professional make-up, particularly for motion pictures. Expanded the brand beyond professional use, making quality cosmetics accessible to everyday consumers. The Max Factor Company became a major name in the industry, setting trends still recognized today.

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Ali Hikmet Ayerdem

Turkish general and politician
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
March 21st, 1939 85 years ago — 62 years old

Served as a general in the Turkish Army and held significant political positions during the early years of the Republic of Turkey. Played a role in the establishment of the modern Turkish state and participated in various military campaigns. Engaged in political affairs and contributed to the shaping of the nation's defense policies. The leadership during critical periods of Turkey's formation was notable, influencing military strategies and governance.

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Ida Maclean

British biochemist and pioneer
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
March 2nd, 1944 81 years ago — 67 years old

A biochemist contributed significantly to the field of biochemistry. Became the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society. Worked on studies related to the biochemical processes in living organisms, focusing on the role of enzymes and metabolism. Published research that advanced understanding in the discipline, becoming an influential figure in the scientific community during her era.

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Hjalmar Schacht

Economist and banker, Reichsbank president
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
June 3rd, 1970 54 years ago — 93 years old

An economist and banker associated with Germany, played a significant role in the economic policies of the Weimar Republic and during the Nazi regime. Served as the president of the Reichsbank from 1923 to 1930 and again from 1933 to 1939. Instrumental in the economic recovery of Germany in the 1920s, implementing policies that reduced hyperinflation. Contributed to the establishment of the German Labor Front after the elimination of trade unions. Involved in several economic negotiations and agreements leading up to and during World War II, including managing relations with foreign investors.

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Thomas Wyatt Turner

American biologist and academic leader
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
April 21st, 1978 46 years ago — 101 years old

An influential biologist and academic, contributed significantly to the study of plant biology and ecology. Served as the first African-American president of the Botanical Society of America. Educated at various prestigious institutions, obtaining degrees in biological sciences. Engaged in significant research, advancing knowledge related to environmental conservation and plant physiology. Served as a professor, shaping future generations through education and mentorship.

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Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Philosopher and Poet, author of 'Shikwa'
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
April 21st, 1938 86 years ago — 61 years old

An influential philosopher and poet, contributed significantly to Urdu literature and played a vital role in inspiring the Pakistan Movement. Wrote extensively on spirituality and the philosophy of self, emphasizing the importance of self-discovery and social justice. His poetry often reflected a deep connection to the Islamic faith and culture, advocating for the revival of Islamic ideology in the modern world. Best known for works such as 'Shikwa' and 'Jawab-e-Shikwa', which addressed the relationship between God and humanity, and 'Bang-e-Dra', a collection of poems that celebrated Islamic identity.

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Charles Glover Barkla

Nobel laureate physicist in X-ray research
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
October 23rd, 1944 80 years ago — 67 years old

A physicist conducted significant research in X-ray scattering and X-ray spectroscopy. Developed crucial techniques for studying the electromagnetic radiation emitted by elements. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1917 for discovering the characteristic radiation of elements, which enhanced the understanding of atomic structure. Served as a professor at the University of Edinburgh and contributed to advancements in the field of physics through various academic roles.

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Laura Knight

English artist and painter
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
July 7th, 1970 54 years ago — 93 years old

A prominent English artist, significant contributions included painting in the early 20th century. Knight gained acclaim for works depicting the life of performers and ballet dancers, as well as scenes from the Second World War. She became the first woman to be elected to the Royal Academy in 1929. Knight's style evolved over the years, with a focus on realism and strong narrative elements in her paintings. Later in life, she was also recognized for her ability to capture the essence of the human experience through her artwork.

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Kanbun Uechi

Martial artist; founded Uechi-ryū.
Born
1877 148 years ago
Died
November 25th, 1948 76 years ago — 71 years old

A Japanese martial artist founded Uechi-ryū, a form of karate that integrates techniques from Chinese martial arts. Uechi studied martial arts in China for many years, absorbing various styles and philosophies. After returning to Japan, he began teaching the style in Okinawa, leading to the establishment of a dedicated following. Uechi emphasized natural movements and the importance of physical conditioning. The style gained recognition for its emphasis on self-defense and practical applications. His teachings continue to influence martial arts practitioners worldwide.

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