What Happened This Year 1879

Born in 1879

Benedetto Aloisi Masella

Italian cardinal and papal diplomat
Born
June 29th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
1970 55 years ago — 91 years old

Born in Italy, a cardinal served in various diplomatic roles for the Catholic Church. Masella held significant positions, including being the Apostolic Nuncio to Poland and Spain. He participated in the Second Vatican Council, contributing to discussions on modernizing the Church's approach. His work focused on international diplomacy and fostering relations between the Vatican and other nations. Masella's influence was notable during a period of significant change within the Catholic Church.

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Léon Jouhaux

Union leader, Nobel laureate
Born
July 1st, 1879 145 years ago
Died
April 28th, 1954 70 years ago — 74 years old

A French labor leader and prominent trade unionist, engagement in workers' rights began in the early 20th century. Played a key role in the French Confederation of Labor from 1906 and served as its general secretary for many years. Jouhaux's advocacy for labor rights and social justice earned international recognition. Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1951 for efforts in promoting peace and social justice through trade union activism. Continued to influence labor movements post-World War II, being an essential figure in international labor relations.

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Alfred Korzybski

Linguist and philosopher of science
Born
July 3rd, 1879 145 years ago
Died
1950 75 years ago — 71 years old

A Polish-American linguist and philosopher, contributed significantly to the field of semantics and introduced the concept of non-Aristotelian logic. Developed the theory of general semantics, emphasizing the importance of language and symbols in human understanding. Founded the Institute of General Semantics in 1938, promoting research and education on the subject. Authored several influential works, including 'Science and Sanity', which laid the foundation for studying language and its impact on thought processes.

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Dwight F. Davis

Tennis player and U.S. Secretary of War
Born
July 5th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
November 28th, 1945 79 years ago — 66 years old

Competed in tennis during the early 20th century and won the first Davis Cup in 1900. Served as the 49th U.S. Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929 under President Calvin Coolidge. In addition to contributions in sports, played a significant role in military leadership and policy during his tenure. After leaving public office, continued involvement in tennis and promoting the sport internationally.

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Wanda Landowska

Harpsichordist and early music revivalist
Born
July 5th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
August 16th, 1959 65 years ago — 80 years old

A prominent harpsichordist and pianist, contributed significantly to the revival of the harpsichord in the 20th century. Established a school for early music in Paris, influencing many musicians. Developed an interpretation style that melded historical performance with modern sensibilities. Published numerous works on early music and its instruments.

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Ottorino Respighi

Italian composer; The Pines of Rome
Born
July 9th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
April 18th, 1936 88 years ago — 56 years old

A prominent Italian composer and conductor, this individual contributed significantly to the world of classical music in the early 20th century. Several major orchestral works were composed, showcasing skill in orchestration and inspiration from Italian folk melodies and historical themes. The mastery in employing rich, evocative textures in compositions captured the attention of audiences and critics alike. Important works include the celebrated suite 'The Pines of Rome' and 'Fountains of Rome', both exemplifying innovative orchestral technique. This individual also served as a professor at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia in Rome, influencing a generation of musicians through teaching.

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Carlos Chagas

Brazilian physician and parasitologist
Born
July 9th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
November 8th, 1934 90 years ago — 55 years old

A Brazilian physician and parasitologist made significant contributions to the understanding of Chagas disease, a tropical parasitic infection. This individual discovered the disease in 1909 while working in the state of Minas Gerais. Research focused on the Triatoma insect as the vector for the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes the disease. The work provided crucial insights into epidemiology and treatment, leading to advancements in public health strategies.

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Han Yong-un

Korean poet and writer
Born
July 12th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
May 9th, 1944 80 years ago — 64 years old

A prominent Korean poet and essayist, contributed significantly to modern Korean literature. His most acclaimed work includes the poetry collection "The Dreaming of the Sphinx". Active in the early 20th century, he also engaged in socio-political activities advocating for Korean independence from Japanese colonial rule. His literary works are characterized by their deep reflection on human existence, often blending traditional Korean themes with modernist influences.

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Jack Laviolette

Canadian ice hockey player and coach
Born
July 17th, 1879 145 years ago
Died
January 10th, 1960 65 years ago — 80 years old

Played as an ice hockey player and later transitioned to coaching and managing hockey teams. Contributed to various teams within the National Hockey League (NHL). Served as a head coach for multiple teams and was recognized for building competitive rosters. Development of strategies and training programs influenced player performance during the early years of the NHL.

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