What Happened This Year 1881
People Who Died in 1881
Francesco Selmi
Contributed significantly to the field of chemistry, particularly in the study of colloids and the development of chemical processes. Active in the Italian unification movement, promoting nationalist sentiments. Published several works that advanced chemical understanding and education, including studies on the nature of emulsions and foams. Engaged in political activism while pursuing scientific research.
Continue ReadingDecimus Burton
An English architect, recognized for significant contributions to architecture during the 19th century. Designed the Pharos Lighthouse, a prominent structure that showcased innovative design and engineering. Worked extensively on various projects, including pavilions and public buildings, often incorporating elements of Gothic and classical architecture. Contributed to the development of the Regent's Park and played a role in several notable urban planning projects.
Continue ReadingWilliam Fargo
Born in 1818, this American businessman played a significant role in the development of the express mail and banking industries. Co-founded Wells Fargo & Company, which provided stagecoach and banking services across the American West. Also co-founded American Express, which originally focused on express mail and evolved into a leading financial services company. Contributed to the expansion and accessibility of financial services during the 19th century.
Continue ReadingGeorge W. De Long
Served as a naval officer in the United States Navy, emphasizing Arctic exploration. Led the ill-fated Jeannette expedition from 1879 to 1881, aimed at reaching the North Pole through the Bering Strait. The expedition ultimately became trapped in ice, and De Long perished in 1881 while attempting to reach land. His diaries and reports provided valuable insights into Arctic conditions and navigation.
Continue ReadingSaint Daniele Comboni
Born in 1831, dedicated life to missionary work in Africa, promoting education, healthcare, and the spread of Christianity. Established missions in Sudan, founded the Institute for the Missions of Africa, and emphasized the importance of indigenous leadership in missionary activities. Worked tirelessly for the welfare of the African people, advocating for their rights and dignity. The canonization occurred in 2003, acknowledging contributions to the Catholic Church and humanitarian efforts.
Continue ReadingLewis H. Morgan
An American lawyer and anthropologist, contributed significantly to the field of anthropology during the 19th century. Pioneered kinship studies and social organization among Native American tribes. Published influential works, including 'Ancient Society' in 1877, which introduced ideas about social evolution and kinship. Engaged in extensive research among the Iroquois, documenting their customs and social structures. Advocated for the rights of Native Americans and contributed to legal reforms.
Continue ReadingNathan Clifford
Served as the 19th Attorney General of the United States from 1850 to 1853. Held the position of Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1858 to 1881. Involved in significant legal rulings that shaped judicial interpretations during the mid-19th century. Also served as a judge on the Maine Supreme Judicial Court before joining the federal bench.
Continue ReadingHenri-Frédéric Amiel
Born in Geneva, this philosopher, poet, and critic became significant in the 19th century for contributions to literature and philosophy. Amiel wrote extensively, with notable works in aesthetics and spiritual reflection. His most famous work, 'Journal Intime', published posthumously, provides deep insights into his thoughts on life, existence, and the human condition. This work reflects on personal experiences, societal norms, and philosophical inquiries, revealing a complex inner world. Amiel was influenced by various philosophical movements and engaged with contemporary thought, linking personal introspection to broader philosophical themes.
Continue ReadingJohn Gould
Contributed significantly to ornithology through extensive studies and illustrations of birds. Published several notable books, including 'The Birds of Australia' and 'The Birds of New Guinea'. Established a prominent reputation in science and art through detailed and accurate representations of avian species. Collaborated with other scientists to further ornithological knowledge and understanding.
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