What Happened This Year 1881
People Who Died in 1881
August Šenoa
An influential Croatian author, poet, and literary critic, this individual significantly contributed to Croatian literature in the 19th century. Active during a period of national revival, this writer's works often explored themes of history and folklore. Most notable work, 'Zlatarevo zlato' (The Goldsmith's Treasure), is a historical novel that combines romance with a rich depiction of Zagreb in the 16th century. Other works include plays and essays that reflect on Croatian identity and culture. In addition to fiction, criticism played a crucial role in the development of literary standards in Croatia.
Continue ReadingPierre Napoléon Bonaparte
Born in 1815, a prominent figure in French politics during the Second Empire. Member of the Bonaparte family and a cousin of Napoleon III. Served as a deputy and engaged in various political activities, contributing to the discourse during a turbulent period in France. Authored several works reflecting his views on governance and society.
Continue ReadingSaint Daniele Comboni
Born in 1831, dedicated life to missionary work in Africa, promoting education, healthcare, and the spread of Christianity. Established missions in Sudan, founded the Institute for the Missions of Africa, and emphasized the importance of indigenous leadership in missionary activities. Worked tirelessly for the welfare of the African people, advocating for their rights and dignity. The canonization occurred in 2003, acknowledging contributions to the Catholic Church and humanitarian efforts.
Continue ReadingDecimus Burton
An English architect, recognized for significant contributions to architecture during the 19th century. Designed the Pharos Lighthouse, a prominent structure that showcased innovative design and engineering. Worked extensively on various projects, including pavilions and public buildings, often incorporating elements of Gothic and classical architecture. Contributed to the development of the Regent's Park and played a role in several notable urban planning projects.
Continue ReadingWilliam Fargo
Born in 1818, this American businessman played a significant role in the development of the express mail and banking industries. Co-founded Wells Fargo & Company, which provided stagecoach and banking services across the American West. Also co-founded American Express, which originally focused on express mail and evolved into a leading financial services company. Contributed to the expansion and accessibility of financial services during the 19th century.
Continue ReadingAnton Füster
Served as a priest in Austria through the 19th century, advocating for social justice and supporting the rights of the oppressed. Engaged in activism that promoted fairness and equality, particularly during challenging socio-political times. Contributed to various movements seeking to address issues of injustice within society, thus leaving a legacy within religious and activist circles.
Continue ReadingGeorge W. De Long
Served as a naval officer in the United States Navy, emphasizing Arctic exploration. Led the ill-fated Jeannette expedition from 1879 to 1881, aimed at reaching the North Pole through the Bering Strait. The expedition ultimately became trapped in ice, and De Long perished in 1881 while attempting to reach land. His diaries and reports provided valuable insights into Arctic conditions and navigation.
Continue ReadingLewis H. Morgan
An American lawyer and anthropologist, contributed significantly to the field of anthropology during the 19th century. Pioneered kinship studies and social organization among Native American tribes. Published influential works, including 'Ancient Society' in 1877, which introduced ideas about social evolution and kinship. Engaged in extensive research among the Iroquois, documenting their customs and social structures. Advocated for the rights of Native Americans and contributed to legal reforms.
Continue ReadingAuguste Mariette
Pioneered Egyptian archaeology during the 19th century. Founded the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, which became a critical repository for ancient artifacts. Conducted extensive excavations at key archaeological sites such as Saqqara, where significant discoveries related to the Old Kingdom were made. His efforts to preserve Egypt's cultural heritage were instrumental in advancing the field of archaeology.
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