What Happened This Year 1891
Born in 1891
Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov
A prominent mathematician and academic contributed significantly to number theory, particularly in the area of prime numbers. Developed techniques related to additive number theory, which formed the basis for advances in the study of prime gaps and structures. Played a crucial role in the development of the Vinogradov theorem, which asserts that every sufficiently large odd integer can be expressed as the sum of three primes. His research received international recognition, influencing future work in the field. Held a position at Moscow State University and engaged with the mathematical community, promoting education and research.
Continue ReadingKarl Dönitz
Served as an admiral in the German Navy during World War II. Assumed leadership of Nazi Germany briefly as President following Hitler's death. Played a crucial role in the Battle of the Atlantic, implementing submarine warfare strategies. Oversaw the transition of power at the end of the war. Faced war crimes trial at Nuremberg, resulting in a ten-year prison sentence.
Continue ReadingStephanie von Hohenlohe
Born in 1891, this individual served as a spy during World War II, primarily working for the Allied Forces. Operating in Europe, she utilized her aristocratic connections to gain access to critical information and networks. Engaging with high-ranking officials, she gathered intelligence that was vital for military operations. After the war, she faced various challenges related to her involvement in espionage and her aristocratic background, which had significant implications for her later life.
Continue ReadingTomás Garrido Canabal
A prominent figure in the Mexican Revolution, contributed to the establishment of agrarian reforms and socialist policies in the state of Tabasco. Served as Governor of Tabasco from 1924 to 1928, implementing significant educational reforms and land redistribution efforts. Advocated for worker's rights and supported the establishment of cooperative societies. His tenure was marked by a strong commitment to revolutionary ideals and the transformation of local governance.
Continue ReadingAlma Thomas
A prominent American painter and educator, contributions mainly focused on abstract expressionism and color field painting. As an educator, taught art in Washington D.C. for over 35 years, shaping numerous students. Gained national recognition in the 1960s for vibrant, colorful works showcasing joy and nature, particularly exemplified in painting 'Starry Night and the Moon'. In 1972, became the first African American woman to have a solo exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City, further establishing a legacy in the art community.
Continue ReadingCharles Münch
A prominent French conductor and violinist, achieved recognition for leadership of the Boston Symphony Orchestra during the 1940s and 1950s. Conducted numerous performances with renowned orchestras and made significant contributions to classical music through recordings and live performances. Founded the Orchestre de Paris and served as its conductor, showcasing a commitment to French repertoire and contemporary works. Known for interpretations of major classical composers, his work has left a lasting legacy in the music world.
Continue ReadingWilliam McKell
Served as the 12th Governor-General of Australia from 1947 to 1953. Before this role, pursued a career in law and held various political positions. Represented the Australian Labor Party and contributed to numerous legislative initiatives during a prominent political career. Involved in community service and educational reforms throughout tenure. Resigned as Governor-General in 1953, returning to public life in various capacities.
Continue ReadingHans Reichenbach
A key figure in the development of the philosophy of science, one contributed to logical positivism and the philosophy of language. Emphasized the importance of scientific methodology and was instrumental in the establishment of the Vienna Circle. Focused on the concepts of probability, causation, and the nature of scientific theories, influencing many areas of philosophy and scientific inquiry. Published several influential works, articulating the principles of logical empiricism and formulating frameworks for understanding scientific concepts and theories.
Continue ReadingIan Fairweather
Born in Scotland, extensive travels occurred throughout the early life, leading to a significant influence from various cultures. Relocated to Australia in the 1940s, where the artistic career flourished. Primarily recognized for unique abstract and landscape paintings that depict the Australian landscape. Utilized a variety of materials and techniques, pushing boundaries within the art community. Created a distinctive style influenced by personal experiences and Eastern philosophies.
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