What Happened This Year 1914
People Who Died in 1914
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Served as a captain in the United States Navy and authored influential works on naval strategy and history. Mahan emphasized the importance of naval power in global politics. His book, 'The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783', shaped naval policy in the early 20th century and influenced various naval strategies worldwide. Mahan's theories played a crucial role in the build-up of navies during the age of imperialism, advocating for a strong naval presence to secure commerce and national interests.
Continue ReadingMaximilian von Spee
Born in 1861, served as an admiral in the Imperial German Navy. Commanded the East Asia Squadron, engaging in naval battles during World War I. Led the fleet that participated in the Battle of Coronel, which resulted in a significant naval victory for Germany. Engaged in the Battle of the Falkland Islands, where the squadron faced defeat. Instrumental in establishing German naval presence in the Pacific region.
Continue ReadingMelchior Anderegg
Contributed significantly to the field of mountaineering as a mountain guide. Played a key role in many first ascents in the Swiss Alps. Served as a guide for notable climbers, helping to establish climbing routes and fostering the growth of the sport. Noted for assisting in the ascent of prominent peaks, enhancing the reputation of Swiss mountaineering.
Continue ReadingJohn Muir
Born in Scotland and later moving to the United States, contributions to conservation and environmental activism began in the late 19th century. Established the Sierra Club in 1892, advocating for the preservation of wilderness areas in the United States. Writings included 'The Mountains of California' and 'Our National Parks', emphasizing the importance of natural landscapes. Instrumental in the creation of several national parks, including Yosemite and Sequoia. Efforts significantly influenced public opinion on environmental preservation.
Continue ReadingCharles Martin Hall
An American chemist and engineer developed the Hall-Héroult process for smelting aluminum. This process revolutionized aluminum production, making it more affordable and accessible. Hall founded the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, which became the Aluminum Company of America, one of the first major producers of aluminum. His invention played a critical role in the widespread use of aluminum in various industries, including transportation, construction, and consumer goods. Hall's contributions significantly advanced the field of materials science and laid the foundation for the modern aluminum industry.
Continue ReadingJanet Erskine Stuart
An English nun and educator, contributed significantly to women's education in the early 20th century. Established the first religious order for female educators, serving as a model for many institutions. Advocated for the importance of moral and character development alongside academic learning. Wrote extensively on educational philosophy and religious teachings, influencing approaches to both education and the role of women in religion.
Continue ReadingAugust Weismann
A prominent German biologist and geneticist contributed significantly to the understanding of heredity. Weismann proposed the germ plasm theory, which posited that only the germ cells are responsible for inheritance, thus challenging the ideas of acquired traits being passed to offspring. His work laid the foundation for modern genetics. Weismann's research included investigations into the development and mechanisms of evolution, reinforcing the notion of a separation between somatic and germ cells. His ideas influenced future genetic research and the formulation of evolutionary theory.
Continue ReadingEben Sumner Draper
Served as the 44th Governor of Massachusetts from 1909 to 1910. Held office during a period of significant change in the state. Advocated for progressive policies and reforms. Engaged in various business ventures prior to entering politics, significantly impacting local economies. Contributed to educational initiatives and infrastructure development during tenure.
Continue ReadingMariano Trías
Mariano Trías was a Filipino general and politician. As a key figure in the Philippine Revolution, he played significant roles in various military engagements against Spanish colonial rule. In the 1898 elections, he became the first Vice President of the Philippines under President Emilio Aguinaldo. After the Philippine-American War, Trías continued to serve the government in various capacities, including as a member of the Philippine Assembly. He was known for his efforts in promoting the Filipino cause for independence and governance during a tumultuous period in the country's history.
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