What Happened This Year 1918
Historical Events from This Year 1918
Women over 30 gain voting rights in Britain
The Representation of the People Act 1918 granted British women over the age of 30 who met minimum property qualifications the right to vote. This landmark legislation followed years of activism and social change, reflecting the shifting attitudes towards women's roles in society, especially after their contributions during World War I. The Act enfranchised around 8.4 million women, marking a significant milestone in the fight for gender equality in the United Kingdom.
Continue ReadingRussia transitions to the Gregorian calendar
The Soviet government officially adopted the Gregorian calendar, abandoning the Julian calendar that had been in use since 1582. This change was implemented to align with the rest of the world and to standardize dates, as the Julian calendar was increasingly out of sync with the solar year. The transition caused confusion as the new date was set to leap forward 13 days, thus the day following January 31 became February 14. This significant reform was part of broader modernization efforts during a time of political upheaval in Russia.
Continue ReadingLithuania Declares Independence
On February 16, 1918, representatives of the Council of Lithuania convened in Vilnius to sign the Act of Independence, which proclaimed Lithuania as an independent state. This monumental decision emerged amidst the tumult of World War I and the disintegration of the Russian Empire. The Act was a direct result of Lithuania's desire to restore its sovereignty after over a century of foreign domination, primarily by Russia and Germany. The Council's unanimous vote marked a pivotal moment in Lithuanian history, reflecting the aspirations of the Lithuanian people for self-determination and national unity.
Continue ReadingLast Carolina Parakeet Dies in Cincinnati Zoo
The last known Carolina parakeet, named Incas, died at the Cincinnati Zoo. This marked the extinction of the species, which had once thrived across the southeastern United States. The parakeet was known for its vibrant green feathers and social nature, often nesting in large colonies. Incas had lived in captivity for several years, and her death underscored the impact of habitat destruction and hunting on the species' decline.
Continue ReadingEstonia's Declaration of Independence
On February 24, 1918, the Estonian National Council proclaimed Estonia's independence from Russia in Tartu. This declaration was a response to the geopolitical changes during World War I and the collapse of the Russian Empire. The decision was driven by a desire for self-determination amongst Estonians, seeking freedom and the establishment of a sovereign state. The declaration outlined the goals of the new republic, emphasizing democracy, equality, and respect for human rights. This significant step marked the beginning of Estonia's journey toward statehood and was celebrated as a national holiday.
Continue ReadingGerman Forces Capture Tallinn, Estonia
German forces successfully captured Tallinn, Estonia, marking a significant step toward the complete occupation of Estonia during World War I. The strategic port city was seized amidst the chaos of the Eastern Front conflict, as German troops aimed to consolidate their control in the Baltic region. This military maneuver was part of Germany's broader objectives in World War I, entailing the dismantlement of Russian war influence in the area and the expansion of their own territorial claims. The capture of Tallinn would eventually lead to the administrative integration of Estonia into the German Empire, illustrating the turbulent dynamics at play during the war.
Continue ReadingTreaty of Brest-Litovsk Signed
Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, leading to its withdrawal from World War I. This treaty recognized German control over the Baltic States, Belarus, and Ukraine, while also conceding Turkish authority over Ardahan, Kars, and Batumi. The negotiations took place amid the Russian Revolution, dramatically altering the geopolitical landscape in Eastern Europe.
Continue ReadingMoscow Reestablished as Capital of Russia
Moscow was officially named the capital of Russia again, replacing Saint Petersburg. This significant decision was made by the Soviet government led by Vladimir Lenin, partly motivated by the desire to distance the regime from its imperial legacy. The relocation aimed to better position the capital in the context of the ongoing Russian Civil War, reflecting new political realities and ideological principles.
Continue ReadingBattle of Tampere Commences in Finland
The Battle of Tampere erupted as Red Guards launched an ambitious assault on the city, which was primarily held by White Finnish forces. The clash was critical in the Finnish Civil War, with the city becoming a tactical target for both sides. Fighting intensified as both troops sought to gain control of this strategic location. The outcome of this engagement was pivotal for the conflict's progression, setting the stage for subsequent encounters and influencing the course of the war.
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