What Happened This Year 1939

Historical Events from This Year 1939

Military & Warfare

First RAF Attack on Germany by William J. Murphy

September 4th, 1939 85 years ago

William J. Murphy led the first coordinated attack by the Royal Air Force on Germany, targeting military installations. This marked a significant escalation in aerial warfare during the early days of the conflict. The operation aimed at disrupting German military operations, showcasing the RAF's capabilities. Aircraft were dispatched from bases in Western Europe, demonstrating the RAF's commitment to engaging enemy forces directly.

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Military & Warfare

RAF's First Pilot Casualty from Friendly Fire

September 6th, 1939 85 years ago

In an early skirmish of World War II, the British Royal Air Force encountered its first fighter pilot casualty due to friendly fire during the Battle of Barking Creek. The incident involved a training exercise where a misunderstanding among forces resulted in the downing of pilot Sergeant John R. L. L. H. H. Sherriff. The event underscored the confusion and communication failures that can occur in the chaos of aerial combat, especially in the nascent stages of wartime operations.

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Military & Warfare

Union of South Africa Joins War Against Germany

September 6th, 1939 85 years ago

The Union of South Africa declared war against Germany following the United Kingdom's announcement. This action marked a significant moment in South Africa's history, aligning the nation with the Allies during World War II. Prime Minister Jan Smuts played a crucial role in rallying support for the war effort, emphasizing the need to combat Nazi aggression. The declaration was met with mixed reactions among South Africans, reflecting divisions regarding participation in the conflict.

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Politics & Government

U Ottama's Hunger Strike Ends in Death

September 9th, 1939 85 years ago

U Ottama, a prominent Burmese nationalist, died in prison after a prolonged hunger strike to protest against British colonial rule in Burma. Ottama had been incarcerated for his efforts to mobilize public opinion against colonial authorities, advocating for self-rule and independence. His death drew significant attention to the plight of nationalists and fueled anti-colonial sentiment across Burma. Ottama's sacrifice became a symbol of resistance against oppressive governance, inspiring others to continue the fight for national sovereignty.

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Military & Warfare

Polish Army Resists at Hel Peninsula

September 9th, 1939 85 years ago

The Battle of Hel was marked by the staunch defense of the Polish Army against the German invasion. Commanded by General Stanisław Grzybowski, Polish forces established fortified positions at the Hel Peninsula, resisting the overwhelming might of the German Wehrmacht. The battle began on September 9, 1939, and showcased the bravery and determination of Polish soldiers faced with an onslaught of air and naval attacks. The defense at Hel became a symbol of resistance, demonstrating Polish commitment in the face of adversity during the early stages of World War II.

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Military & Warfare

HMS Oxley Sunk by HMS Triton

September 10th, 1939 85 years ago

The submarine HMS Oxley was mistakenly sunk by HMS Triton off the coast of Norway, marking a significant early loss for the Royal Navy in World War II. The incident occurred during the early stages of the war when British submarines were actively patrolling the North Sea and surrounding areas. At the time, both submarines were involved in anti-enemy operations, and the tragic error highlighted the confusion and hazards of naval warfare. Although the fleet was vigilant against enemy threats, incidents like this demonstrated the dangers posed by friendly fire.

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Military & Warfare

Canada Declares War on Germany

September 10th, 1939 85 years ago

Canada formally declared war on Germany shortly after Britain, seeking to support its ally while asserting its autonomy in international matters. The declaration took place in Ottawa, emphasizing Canada’s growing independence from British influence following World War I. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain had already announced a state of war against Germany, and Canada followed suit to uphold its commitment to the British Empire, marking a significant turning point in Canada’s military and political landscape.

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Military & Warfare

Estonian Troops Board Polish Submarine in Tallinn

September 14th, 1939 85 years ago

On September 14, 1939, Estonian military personnel boarded the Polish submarine ORP Orzeł in Tallinn. This action was significant in the context of World War II, as the event highlighted the complex geopolitical environment of Eastern Europe. Following the invasion of Poland, the submarine had sought refuge in Estonia, a neutral country at the time. The Estonian government’s move to allow military access raised tensions with the Soviet Union.

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Military & Warfare

Soviet Forces Invade Eastern Poland

September 17th, 1939 85 years ago

On this date, the Soviet Union launched its invasion of eastern Poland following an agreement with Nazi Germany. The invasion began around dawn, with Soviet troops moving quickly to occupy areas left defenseless after the German advance. The action was part of a larger strategy agreed upon in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which allowed both powers to divide Eastern Europe between them. The occupation faced little resistance from Polish forces that were already engaged in fighting against the German invasion from the west.

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